ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
Measurement of fine particles and smoking activity in a statewide survey of 36 California Indian casinos.
Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- What happens in Vegas, stays in your lungs: an assessment of fine particulate matter in casinos that prohibit and allow smoking in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.Tobacco control · 2024Article
- Measuring air quality in smoking and nonsmoking areas of Nevada casinos (Reno/Sparks): Potential exposure of minors to secondhand smoke.Environmental analysis, health and toxicology · 2024Article
- Occupational exposures and associated risk factors among U.S. casino workers: a narrative review.AIMS public health · 2018Review
- Article
- Advancing smoke-free policy adoption on the Navajo Nation.Tobacco control · 2016Article
- Continuous weeklong measurements of indoor particle levels in a Minnesota Tribal Casino Resort.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Measuring Indoor Air Quality and Engaging California Indian Stakeholders at the Win-River Resort and Casino: Collaborative Smoke-Free Policy Development.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Observational
- Gambling with our health: smoke-free policy would not reduce tribal casino patronage.American journal of preventive medicine · 2014Article
- Lung cancer deaths among American Indians and Alaska Natives, 1990-2009.American journal of public health · 2014Article
- Environmental monitoring of secondhand smoke exposure.Tobacco control · 2013Review
- Protecting the world from secondhand tobacco smoke exposure: where do we stand and where do we go from here?Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013Review
- Tobacco smoke induced COPD/emphysema in the animal model-are we all on the same page?Frontiers in physiology · 2013Article
- Small proportions of actively-smoking patrons and high PM2.5 levels in southern California tribal casinos: support for smoking bans or designated smoking areas.BMC public health · 2012Article
- Tribal casinos in California: the last vestige of indoor smoking.BMC public health · 2012Article
- The smoking gun: working to eliminate tobacco smoke exposure.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite California's 1994 statewide smoking ban, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) continues in California's Indian casinos. Few data are available on exposure to airborne fine particles (PM₂.₅) in casinos, especially on a statewide basis. We sought to measure PM₂.₅ concentrations in Indian casinos widely distributed across California, exploring differences due to casino size, separation of smoking and non-smoking areas, and area smoker density. A selection of 36 out of the 58 Indian casinos throughout California were each visited for 1-3 h on weekend or holiday evenings, using two or more concealed monitors to measure PM₂.₅ concentrations every 10 s. For each casino, the physical dimensions and the number of patrons and smokers were estimated. As a preliminary assessment of representativeness, we also measured eight casinos in Reno, NV. The average PM₂.₅ concentration for the smoking slot machine areas (63 μg/m³) was nine times as high as outdoors (7 μg/m³), whereas casino non-smoking restaurants (29 μg/m³) were four times as high. Levels in non-smoking slot machine areas varied: complete physical separation reduced concentrations almost to outdoor levels, but two other separation types had mean levels that were 13 and 29 μg/m³, respectively, higher than outdoors. Elevated PM₂.₅ concentrations in casinos can be attributed primarily to SHS. Average PM₂.₅ concentrations during 0.5-1 h visits to smoking areas exceeded 35 μg/m³ for 90% of the casino visits.
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