ArticleInfection and immunity2010
Upregulated expression of B-cell antigen family tandem repeat proteins by Leishmania amastigotes.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Presence or Emergence of Canine Leishmaniasis, Malawi.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Inflammatory CD11bPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Development of a Novel Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Lateral Flow Test System for Improved Serodiagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Different Areas of Endemicity.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Autochthonous Leishmania infantum in Dogs, Zambia, 2021.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- The increased presence of repetitive motifs in the KDDR-plus recombinant protein, a kinesin-derived antigen from Leishmania infantum, improves the diagnostic performance of serological tests for human and canine visceral leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- A refined genome phage display methodology delineates the human antibody response in patients with Chagas disease.iScience · 2021Article
- The efficacy of recombinant protein lbk39 for the diagnosis of leishmaniosis in dogs.Parasitology · 2021Article
- Plant Expression of Hydrophobin Fused K39 Antigen for Visceral Leishmaniasis Immunodiagnosis.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Article
- Gene design, optimization of protein expression and preliminary evaluation of a new chimeric protein for the serological diagnosis of both human and canine visceral leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Expression of a rK39 homologue from an Iranian Leishmania infantum isolate in Leishmania tarentolae for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis.Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
- Article
- Cs1, a Clonorchis sinensis-derived serodiagnostic antigen containing tandem repeats and a signal peptide.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- High-Sensitivity Assays for Plasmodium falciparum Infection by Immuno-Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection of PfIDEh and PfLDH Antigens.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Down Modulation of Host Immune Response by Amino Acid Repeats Present in aFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Evaluation of a new set of recombinant antigens for the serological diagnosis of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis.PloS one · 2017Article
- The C-terminal region of Trypanosoma cruzi MASPs is antigenic and secreted via exovesicles.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Insights into the Immunological Properties of Intrinsically Disordered Malaria Proteins Using Proteome Scale Predictions.PloS one · 2015Article
- Comparative in-silico genome analysis of Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani: A step towards its species specificity.Meta gene · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Proteins with tandem repeat (TR) domains have been found in various protozoan parasites, and they are often targets of B-cell responses. Through systematic analyses of whole proteomes, we recently demonstrated that two trypanosomatid parasites, Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi, are rich in antigenic proteins with large TR domains. However, the reason that these proteins are antigenic was unclear. Here, by performing molecular, immunological, and bioinformatic characterizations of Leishmania TR proteins, we found two possible factors affecting the antigenicity of these proteins; one factor is their fundamental composition as TR proteins, and the other is regulation of their expression by parasites. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using recombinant proteins revealed that the copy number of the repeat affects the affinity of binding between antigens and antibodies, as expected based on thermodynamic binding kinetics. Other than containing TR domains, the TR proteins do not share characteristics, such as sequence similarity or biased cellular location predicted by the presence of a signal sequence(s) and/or a transmembrane domain(s). However, the TR proteome contained a higher percentage of proteins upregulated in amastigotes than the whole proteome, and upregulated expression of a TR protein seemed to affect its antigenicity. These results indicate that Leishmania parasites actively utilize the TR protein family for parasitism in mammalian hosts.
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Registered trials
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