Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20148603›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of managed care2010

Mail-order pharmacy use and adherence to diabetes-related medications.

O Kenrik Duru, Julie A Schmittdiel, Wendy T Dyer, Melissa M Parker, Connie S Uratsu, James Chan, Andrew J Karter

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of managed care, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02621476 (Encouraging Mail Order Pharmacy Use to Improve Outcomes and Reduce Disparities), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02621476 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Encouraging Mail Order Pharmacy Use to Improve Outcomes and Reduce Disparities

TypeinterventionalSponsorKaiser PermanenteRan2017 to 2022Enrolled63,012ConditionsDiabetes MellitusArmsStandardized intervention, Usual care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Beyond price: the effects of non-financial barriers on access to drugs and health outcomes.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2021
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  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Data-driven modeling of diabetes care teams using social network analysis.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

O Kenrik DuruDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, 911 Broxton Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA. kduru@mednet.ucla.edu
Julie A Schmittdiel
Wendy T Dyer
Melissa M Parker
Connie S Uratsu
James Chan
Andrew J Karter
University of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Medication Adherence and Social Disparities in DiabetesR01DK080726 · NIDDK · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI KARTER, ANDREW JOHN · 2009 to 2012
$1.5M
Mail-Order Pharmacy Use and Medication Adherence Among Older Adults with DiabetesK08AG033630 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DURU, OBIDIUGWU KENRIK · 2009 to 2013
$606k
NIA NIH HHS K08 AG033630NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK080726
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate whether patients who use mail-order pharmacies were more likely to have good medication adherence than patients who use local pharmacies. STUDY

designCross-sectional investigation.

methodsWe conducted cross-sectional analyses of patients from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) diabetes registry who received a new antiglycemic, antihypertensive, or lipid-lowering index medication between January 1, 2006, and May 31, 2006. We defined good adherence as medication availability at least 80% of the time (ie, a continuous measure of medication gaps value of < or = 20%) and compared adherence between mail-order users (> or = 66% of refills by mail) and KPNC local pharmacy users (all refills in person). Adherence was calculated from the initial dispensing through 15 months of follow-up, medication discontinuation, or May 31, 2007, whichever came first. We analyzed the data using multivariate logistic regression models, after determining that unmeasured patient-level factors and self-selection did not significantly bias our analyses.

resultsA total of 13,922 eligible patients refilled an index medication. Compared with those who used only local KPNC pharmacies, patients who received medications by mail were more likely to have good adherence (84.7% vs 76.9%, P <.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, including days' supply and out-of-pocket costs, mailorder users had better adherence to antiglycemic, antihypertensive, and lipid-lowering medications (P <.001 for all).

conclusionsCompared with patients who obtained medication refills at local pharmacies, patients who received them by mail were more likely to have good adherence. The association between mail-order use and medication adherence should be evaluated in a randomized clinical trial.

Indexed as

Drug MonitoringAgedCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedPharmaceutical ServicesPostal ServiceHypoglycemic Agents

Identifiers

PMID20148603
PMCPMC3015238
OpenAlexW1541977811

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.