ArticleNature2010
Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences.
Article in Nature, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 308 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
308 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1,037 citations in OpenAlex.
- Here We Are, But Where Do We Go? A Systematic Review of Crustacean Transcriptomic Studies from 2014-2015.Integrative and comparative biology · 2016Pooled it
- A giant Jurassic hunter: the earliest dipluran and its implications for hexapod body pattern evolution.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2026Article
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- Myriapod Metallothioneins Conserve the Ancestral Architecture of Arthropods While Displaying Lineage-Specific Adaptations in Metal Binding.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Comparative Mitogenomics ofInsects · 2025Article
- Gene and Genome Duplication in Spiders.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2025Review
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- The genome of a sea spider corroborates a shared Hox cluster motif in arthropods with a reduced posterior tagma.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Discovery of novel non-retroviral endogenous viral elements reveals their long-term integration history in spiders.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A new morphological phylogeny of Malacostraca comparing the application of character dependencies and implied weighting.Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig Society · 2025Article
- Unusual Genetic Diversity WithinInsects · 2025Article
- Unraveling myriapod evolution: sealion, a novel quartet-based approach for evaluating phylogenetic uncertainty.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2025Article
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- Reply to Machida et al.: Although embryology cannot establish the "Protura-sister", phylogenomics can.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
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- Robust resolved phylogeny of hexapods' four classes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Revisiting the four Hexapoda classes: Protura as the sister group to all other hexapods.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- A Novel Expression Domain of extradenticle Underlies the Evolutionary Developmental Origin of the Chelicerate Patella.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Arthropod Phylotranscriptomics With a Special Focus on the Basal Phylogeny of the Myriapoda.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Article
248 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The remarkable antiquity, diversity and ecological significance of arthropods have inspired numerous attempts to resolve their deep phylogenetic history, but the results of two decades of intensive molecular phylogenetics have been mixed. The discovery that terrestrial insects (Hexapoda) are more closely related to aquatic Crustacea than to the terrestrial centipedes and millipedes (Myriapoda) was an early, if exceptional, success. More typically, analyses based on limited samples of taxa and genes have generated results that are inconsistent, weakly supported and highly sensitive to analytical conditions. Here we present strongly supported results from likelihood, Bayesian and parsimony analyses of over 41 kilobases of aligned DNA sequence from 62 single-copy nuclear protein-coding genes from 75 arthropod species. These species represent every major arthropod lineage, plus five species of tardigrades and onychophorans as outgroups. Our results strongly support Pancrustacea (Hexapoda plus Crustacea) but also strongly favour the traditional morphology-based Mandibulata (Myriapoda plus Pancrustacea) over the molecule-based Paradoxopoda (Myriapoda plus Chelicerata). In addition to Hexapoda, Pancrustacea includes three major extant lineages of 'crustaceans', each spanning a significant range of morphological disparity. These are Oligostraca (ostracods, mystacocarids, branchiurans and pentastomids), Vericrustacea (malacostracans, thecostracans, copepods and branchiopods) and Xenocarida (cephalocarids and remipedes). Finally, within Pancrustacea we identify Xenocarida as the long-sought sister group to the Hexapoda, a result confirming that 'crustaceans' are not monophyletic. These results provide a statistically well-supported phylogenetic framework for the largest animal phylum and represent a step towards ending the often-heated, century-long debate on arthropod relationships.
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