ArticleJournal of diabetes science and technology2009
Technosphere insulin: defining the role of Technosphere particles at the cellular level.
Article in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic peptides and proteins: Status and developments in drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Review
- Safety and Efficacy of Inhaled TechnosphereDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Scale-Up and Postapproval Changes in Orally Inhaled Drug Products: Scientific and Regulatory Considerations.Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery · 2025Review
- Different Carriers for Use in Dry Powder Inhalers: Characteristics of Their Particles.Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery · 2024Review
- Pulmonary inhalation for disease treatment: Basic research and clinical translations.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Advanced Formulation Approaches for Proteins.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2024Review
- Insulin Therapy for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review of Innovative Treatment Strategies.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Review
- Advancements in the Design and Development of Dry Powder Inhalers and Potential Implications for Generic Development.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- The future of dry powder inhaled therapy: Promising or discouraging for systemic disorders?International journal of pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Pulmonary Delivery of Biological Drugs.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Cough as an adverse effect on inhalation pharmaceutical products.British journal of pharmacology · 2020Review
- Emerging Nano- and Micro-Technologies Used in the Treatment of Type-1 Diabetes.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Emerging trends in inhaled drug delivery.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Review
- Preparation, characterization, and pharmacodynamics of insulin-loaded fumaryl diketopiperazine microparticle dry powder inhalation.Drug delivery · 2019Article
- Impact of diabetes mellitus on functional exercise capacity and pulmonary functions in patients with diabetes and healthy persons.BMC endocrine disorders · 2019Article
- Drying Technologies for the Stability and Bioavailability of Biopharmaceuticals.Pharmaceutics · 2018Review
- Rethinking the Viability and Utility of Inhaled Insulin in Clinical Practice.Journal of diabetes research · 2018Review
- Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of a Novel Inhaled Insulin.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2017Review
- Place of technosphere inhaled insulin in treatment of diabetes.World journal of diabetes · 2016Review
- Materials and methods for delivery of biological drugs.Nature chemistry · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTechnosphere Insulin (TI) is a novel inhalation powder for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Technosphere Insulin delivers insulin with an ultra rapid pharmacokinetic profile that is distinctly different from all other insulin products but similar to natural insulin release. Such rapid absorption is often associated with penetration enhancers that disrupt cellular integrity.
methodsTechnosphere Insulin was compared to a panel of known penetration enhancers in vitro using the Calu-3 lung cell line to investigate the effects of TI on insulin transport.
resultsMeasures of tight junction integrity such as transepithelial electrical resistance, Lucifer yellow permeability, and F-actin staining patterns were all unaffected by TI. Cell viability and plasma membrane integrity were also not affected by TI. In contrast, cells treated with comparable (or lower) concentrations of penetration enhancers showed elevated Lucifer yellow permeability, disruption of the F-actin network, reduced cell viability, and compromised plasma membranes.
conclusionsThese results demonstrate that TI is not cytotoxic in an in vitro human lung cell model and does not function as a penetration enhancer. Furthermore, TI does not appear to affect the transport of insulin across cellular barriers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.