ReviewPediatrics2010
A review of the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure among school-aged children.
Review in Pediatrics, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 78 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness of peer-delivered interventions for cocaine and alcohol abuse among women: a randomized controlled trial.PloS one · 2012Trial
- From Distress To Disruption in Early Childhood: Time-Varying Associations Between Internalizing and Externalizing Problems, Child Sex and Prenatal Cocaine Exposure.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- Accidental Detection of Cocaine in Urine in Pediatric Patients: Case Series and Literature Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prenatal cocaine exposure and self-reported behavioral adjustments from ages 12 to 21: environmental pathways.Psychological medicine · 2024Article
- Adverse childhood experiences and neurodevelopmental disorders among youth with and without prenatal substance exposure: A longitudinal matched register-based cohort study.Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT · 2023Article
- Early emotional caregiving environment and associations with memory performance and hippocampal volume in adolescents with prenatal drug exposure.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Article
- Pathways From Early Family Violence to Adolescent Reactive Aggression and Violence Victimization.Journal of family violence · 2021Article
- Associations of Maternal Prenatal Drug Abuse With Measures of Newborn Brain Structure, Tissue Organization, and Metabolite Concentrations.JAMA pediatrics · 2020Article
- Prenatal substance exposure, adverse childhood experiences and diagnosed mental and behavioral disorders - A longitudinal register-based matched cohort study in Finland.SSM - population health · 2020Article
- Cohort profile: ADEF Helsinki - a longitudinal register-based study on exposure to alcohol and drugs during foetal life.Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT · 2020Article
- Gender Differences in the Outcome of Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Drugs of Abuse.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Review
- Proceedings of the 2018 annual meeting of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders study group.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Oscillatory Dynamics of Feedback Processing in Adolescents with Prenatal Cocaine Exposure.Developmental neuropsychology · 2019Article
- Longitudinal changes of amygdala functional connectivity in adolescents prenatally exposed to cocaine.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Article
- Prenatal drug exposure from infancy through emerging adulthood: Results from neuroimaging.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Review
- The cellular basis of fetal endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in drug-induced neurodevelopmental deficits.Neurobiology of stress · 2019Review
- Child protection reports and removals of infants diagnosed with prenatal substance exposure.Child abuse & neglect · 2019Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextStudies through 6 years have shown no long-term direct effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on children's physical growth, developmental test scores, or language outcomes. Little is known about the effects of PCE among school-aged children aged 6 years and older.
objectiveWe reviewed articles from studies that examined the effects of PCE on growth, cognitive ability, academic functioning, and brain structure and function among school-aged children.
methodsArticles were obtained by searching PubMed, Medline, TOXNET, and PsycInfo databases from January 1980 to December 2008 with the terms "prenatal cocaine exposure," "cocaine," "drug exposure," "substance exposure," "maternal drug use," "polysubstance," "children," "adolescent," "in utero," "pregnancy," "development," and "behavior." Criteria for inclusion were (1) empirical research on children aged 6 years and older prenatally exposed to cocaine, (2) peer-reviewed English-language journal, (3) comparison group, (4) longitudinal follow-up or historical prospective design, (5) masked assessment, (6) exclusion of subjects with serious medical disabilities, and (7) studies that reported nonredundant findings for samples used in multiple investigations. Thirty-two unique studies met the criteria. Each article was independently abstracted by 2 authors to obtain sample composition, methods of PCE assessment, study design, comparison groups, dependent variables, covariates, and results.
resultsAssociations between PCE and growth, cognitive ability, academic achievement, and language functioning were small and attenuated by environmental variables. PCE had significant negative associations with sustained attention and behavioral self-regulation, even with covariate control. Although emerging evidence suggests PCE-related alterations in brain structure and function, interpretation is limited by methodologic inconsistencies.
conclusionsConsistent with findings among preschool-aged children, environmental variables play a key role in moderating and explaining the effects of PCE on school-aged children's functioning. After controlling for these effects, PCE-related impairments are reliably reported in sustained attention and behavioral self-regulation among school-aged children.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.