ArticleJournal of abnormal psychology2010
Testing the continuum of delusional beliefs: an experimental study using virtual reality.
Article in Journal of abnormal psychology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
- Using virtual reality to investigate psychological processes and mechanisms associated with the onset and maintenance of psychosis: a systematic review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2016Pooled it
- The role of sleep dysfunction in the occurrence of delusions and hallucinations: A systematic review.Clinical psychology review · 2015Pooled it
- A randomised controlled test in virtual reality of the effects on paranoid thoughts of virtual humans' facial animation and expression.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Effects of cognitive behaviour therapy for worry on persecutory delusions in patients with psychosis (WIT): a parallel, single-blind, randomised controlled trial with a mediation analysis.The lancet. Psychiatry · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Relationships between attachment insecurity, beliefs about the self and others, paranoia, and social functioning across the psychosis continuum.The British journal of clinical psychology · 2026Article
- Computerised adaptive testing across the paranoia continuum.BMJ mental health · 2025Article
- Emergence and Dynamics of Delusions and Hallucinations Across Stages in Early Psychosis.Biological psychiatry · 2025Article
- Social identification and paranoia.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Understanding and Treating Persecutory Delusions.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- Insomnia moderates the association between psychotic-like experiences and suicidal ideation in a non-clinical population: a network analysis.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Counseling Psychological Understanding and Considerations of the Metaverse: A Theoretical Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A preliminary study examining terminology used by individuals with lived experience describing beliefs about being targeted or harmed by others.Psychiatry research · 2023Article
- A replication study of JTC bias, genetic liability for psychosis and delusional ideation.Psychological medicine · 2022Article
- Understanding the Consequences of Moment-by-Moment Fluctuations in Mood and Social Experience for Paranoid Ideation in Psychotic Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2022Article
- Paranoia in patients attending child and adolescent mental health services.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2021Article
- A Compassion-Focused Ecological Momentary Intervention for Enhancing Resilience in Help-Seeking Youth: Uncontrolled Pilot Study.JMIR mental health · 2021Article
- Parenting behaviour and paranoia: a network analysis and results from the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescents (NCS-A).Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2021Article
- The revised GreenPsychological medicine · 2021Article
- A Proposed Probabilistic Method for Distinguishing Between Delusions and Other Environmental Judgements, With Applications to Psychotherapy.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A key problem in studying a hypothesized spectrum of severity of delusional ideation is determining that ideas are unfounded. The first objective was to use virtual reality to validate groups of individuals with low, moderate, and high levels of unfounded persecutory ideation. The second objective was to investigate, drawing upon a cognitive model of persecutory delusions, whether clinical and nonclinical paranoia are associated with similar causal factors. Three groups (low paranoia, high nonclinical paranoia, persecutory delusions) of 30 participants were recruited. Levels of paranoia were tested using virtual reality. The groups were compared on assessments of anxiety, worry, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anomalous perceptual experiences, reasoning, and history of traumatic events. Virtual reality was found to cause no side effects. Persecutory ideation in virtual reality significantly differed across the groups. For the clear majority of the theoretical factors there were dose-response relationships with levels of paranoia. This is consistent with the idea of a spectrum of paranoia in the general population. Persecutory ideation is clearly present outside of clinical groups and there is consistency across the paranoia spectrum in associations with important theoretical variables.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.