ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2010
In vitro interactions between aged garlic extract and drugs used for the treatment of cardiovascular and diabetic patients.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of vitamins A and E on eprinomectin transport in Caco-2 cells.Veterinarni medicina · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Effects of Herbal Products and Their Interaction with Antihypertensive Drugs-Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Pharmacokinetic Interactions between Herbal Medicines and Drugs: Their Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Efflux and uptake transporters involved in the disposition of bazedoxifene.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2016Article
- Therapeutic uses and pharmacological properties of garlic, shallot, and their biologically active compounds.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2013Review
- Unique vascular protective properties of natural products: supplements or future main-line drugs with significant anti-atherosclerotic potential?Vascular cell · 2012Article
- Drug interactions with herbal medicines.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDisease preventing effects gained by garlic consumption have been recognized since early period of history, making commercially available garlic supplements attractive to the general public. Possible pharmacokinetic interactions which could occur between applied drugs and aged garlic extract (AGE) are unknown.
aimTo test in vitro impact of some garlic phytochemicals on P-glycoprotein (Pgp), the most recognized efflux transporter, and the effect of AGE on passive membrane permeability, absorptive and secretory intestinal transporters.
methodsRat small intestine and Caco-2 cell monolayers, mounted in side-by-side diffusion chambers were used.
resultsHydrophilic sulphur compounds increased Pgp mediated Rhodamine 123 (Rho123) efflux, whereas the lipophilic ones increased Pgp efflux through rat ileum but not through Caco-2 cell monolayers. Increased activities of secretory (Pgp, multidrug-resistance associated protein 2) and absorptive (monocarboxylate transporter 1, organic anion transporting polypeptide) transporters involved in drug absorption were observed in rat small intestine and Caco-2 cell monolayers in the presence of AGE. Transport of drugs mediated by breast cancer resistance protein and H(+)-oligopeptide transporter 1 was activated in rat intestine but inhibited through Caco-2 cells. Passive membrane permeability of tested compounds remained unaltered through rat small intestine, while significant changes were observed with Caco-2 cell monolayers.
conclusionsDue to the observed in vitro pharmacokinetic interactions between AGE and investigated cardiovascular, antidiabetic and antiviral drugs, in vivo absorption changes are possible, but the magnitude of change depends on the most profound process involved (influx, efflux, passive diffusion) in compounds permeability.
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