ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2010
Time scale and adjusted survival curves for marginal structural cox models.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Incident pregnancy and time to death or AIDS among HIV-positive women receiving antiretroviral therapy.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Challenges in Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Time-related Bias With Non-user Control.Journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Allopurinol, Febuxostat, and Nonuse of Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitor Treatment in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: A Longitudinal Analysis.Kidney medicine · 2024Article
- Disease Reactivation After Cessation of Disease-Modifying Therapy in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology · 2022Observational
- Time-Varying Association of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity to Subsequent Cardiovascular Risk.ACR open rheumatology · 2022Article
- Does osteoarthritis modify the association between NSAID use and risk of comorbidities and adverse events?Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2022Article
- Study of Treatment and Reproductive Outcomes Among Reproductive-Age Women With HIV Infection in the Southern United States: Protocol for a Longitudinal Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2021Article
- Elevated Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies Prior to Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis and Risks for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or Asthma.Arthritis care & research · 2021Article
- Cardiovascular effect of discontinuing statins for primary prevention at the age of 75 years: a nationwide population-based cohort study in France.European heart journal · 2019 · on this mapObservational
- Individual short-acting opioids and the risk of opioid-related adverse events in adolescents.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2019Article
- The Relationship Between School Dropout and Pregnancy Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in South Africa: A HPTN 068 Analysis.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2019Article
- Observational
- A review of time scale fundamentals in the g-formula and insidious selection bias.Current epidemiology reports · 2018Article
- Estimating Treatment Effects for Recurrent Events in the Presence of Rescue Medications: An Application to the Immune Thrombocytopenia Study.Statistics in biosciences · 2018Article
- Comparison of statistical approaches dealing with time-dependent confounding in drug effectiveness studies.Statistical methods in medical research · 2018Article
- Exploring the Subtleties of Inverse Probability Weighting and Marginal Structural Models.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Typical applications of marginal structural time-to-event (e.g., Cox) models have used time on study as the time scale. Here, the authors illustrate use of time on treatment as an alternative time scale. In addition, a method is provided for estimating Kaplan-Meier-type survival curves for marginal structural models. For illustration, the authors estimate the total effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on time to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or death in 1,498 US men and women infected with human immunodeficiency virus and followed for 6,556 person-years between 1995 and 2002; 323 incident cases of clinical AIDS and 59 deaths occurred. Of the remaining 1,116 participants, 77% were still under observation at the end of follow-up. By using time on study, the hazard ratio for AIDS or death comparing always with never using highly active antiretroviral therapy from the marginal structural model was 0.52 (95% confidence interval: 0.35, 0.76). By using time on treatment, the analogous hazard ratio was 0.44 (95% confidence interval: 0.32, 0.60). In time-to-event analyses, the choice of time scale may have a meaningful impact on estimates of association and precision. In the present example, use of time on treatment yielded a hazard ratio further from the null and more precise than use of time on study as the time scale.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.