ArticleThe Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation2010
Azithromycin is associated with increased survival in lung transplant recipients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome.
Article in The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01469364 (Aztreonam Lysine for Inhalation), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Aztreonam Lysine for Inhalation (AZLI) in the Treatment of Early Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) After Lung Transplantation
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of azithromycin on bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in posttransplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Longitudinal lung function trajectories in response to azithromycin therapy for chronic lung disease in children with HIV infection: a secondary analysis of the BREATHE trial.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Trial
- Long-term effect of azithromycin in bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome.BMJ open respiratory research · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Vascular Remodeling in Chronic Rejection: Insights into Transplant Vasculopathy Across Solid Organ Allografts.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Prophylactic azithromycin for chronic lung allograft dysfunction following lung transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Beyond the organ: lung microbiome shapes transplant indications and outcomes.European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery · 2024Review
- The Lung Microbiome Predicts Mortality and Response to Azithromycin in Lung Transplant Recipients with Chronic Rejection.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- The impact and relevance of techniques and fluids on lung injury in machine perfusion of lungs.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung or haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: current management and future directions.ERJ open research · 2022Review
- Pathophysiological Concepts and Management of Pulmonary Manifestation of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Novel approaches for long-term lung transplant survival.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Immunosuppression in Lung Transplantation.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Review
- Lymphocytic Airway Inflammation in Lung Allografts.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Management of chronic rejection after lung transplantation.Journal of thoracic disease · 2021Review
- Relevance of Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 for Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2021Article
- Pediatric lung transplantation: Dynamics of the microbiome and bronchiolitis obliterans in cystic fibrosis.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2020Observational
- Immunosuppressive strategies in lung transplantation.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have suggested that azithromycin improves lung function in lung transplant recipients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). However, these studies did not include a non-treated BOS control cohort or perform survival analysis. This study was undertaken to estimate the effect of azithromycin treatment on survival in lung transplant recipients with BOS.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive lung transplant recipients who developed BOS between 1999 and 2007. An association between azithromycin treatment and death was assessed using univariate and multivariate time-dependent Cox regression analysis.
resultsOf the 178 recipients who developed BOS in our study, 78 did so after 2003 and were treated with azithromycin. The azithromycin-treated and untreated cohorts had similar baseline characteristics. Univariate analysis demonstrated that azithromycin treatment was associated with a survival advantage and this beneficial treatment effect was more pronounced when treatment was initiated during BOS Stage 1. Multivariate analysis demonstrated azithromycin treatment during BOS Stage 1 (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.23, p = 0.01) and absolute forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) at the time of BOS Stage 1 (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.52, p = 0.003) were both associated with a decreased risk of death.
conclusionsIn lung transplant recipients with BOS Stage 1, azithromycin treatment initiated before BOS Stage 2 was independently associated with a significant reduction in the risk of death. This finding supports the need for a randomized, controlled trial to confirm the impact of azithromycin on survival in lung transplant recipients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.