ArticleJournal of the neurological sciences2010
Association of ALS with head injury, cigarette smoking and APOE genotypes.
Article in Journal of the neurological sciences, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis based on the observational study: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Military service and related risk factors for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Acta neurologica Scandinavica · 2021Pooled it
- Is traumatic brain injury a risk factor for neurodegeneration? A meta-analysis of population-based studies.BMC neurology · 2018Pooled it
- Meta-analytic evaluation of the association between head injury and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.European journal of epidemiology · 2017Pooled it
- Association of traumatic brain injury with subsequent neurological and psychiatric disease: a meta-analysis.Journal of neurosurgery · 2016Pooled it
- Pesticide exposure and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Neurotoxicology · 2012Pooled it
- Severe head injury and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration · 2013Trial
- Genetic Ablation of Sarm1 Mitigates Disease Acceleration after Traumatic Brain Injury in the SOD1Annals of neurology · 2025Article
- Head Injury and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Population-Based Study from the National ALS Registry.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Repetitive Mild but Not Single Moderate Brain Trauma Is Associated with TAR DNA-Binding Protein 43 Mislocalization and Glial Activation in the Mouse Spinal Cord.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Association of smoking with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and dose-response analysis.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Repeated mild traumatic brain injury triggers pathology in asymptomatic C9ORF72 transgenic mice.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- MicroRNA Alterations in Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Incidence of and Mortality From Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in National Football League Athletes.JAMA network open · 2021Observational
- Article
- Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Neuropathological Comorbidities.Seminars in neurology · 2020Review
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Among Veterans Deployed in Support of Post-9/11 U.S. Conflicts.Military medicine · 2020Article
- Impact of traumatic brain injury on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: from bedside to bench.Journal of neurophysiology · 2019Review
- Dissemination of brain inflammation in traumatic brain injury.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2019Article
- Lipid Biomarkers for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAn increased risk of ALS has been reported for US veterans, but the cause is unknown. Since head injury and cigarette smoking are two previously implicated environmental risk factors that are more common in military than civilian study populations, we tested their association with ALS in a US veteran study population.
methodsWe used logistic regression to examine the association of ALS with head injury and cigarette smoking in 241 incident cases and 597 controls. Since APOE is a plausible ALS candidate gene, we also tested its main effect and its statistical interaction with these environmental exposures.
resultsCigarette smoking was not associated with ALS in this predominantly male and Caucasian population. Veterans who had experienced head injuries during the last 15years before the reference date had an adjusted odds ratio of 2.33 (95% confidence interval 1.18-4.61), relative to veterans without any head injuries. This association was strongest in APOE-4 carriers.
conclusionsOur results add to the body of evidence suggesting that head injuries may be a risk factor for multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS. We hypothesize that the strength of association between head injuries and ALS may depend upon APOE genotype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.