Trial reportJournal of the American Medical Directors Association2010
ACE-inhibition and physical function: results from the Trial of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition and Novel Cardiovascular Risk Factors (TRAIN) study.
Trial report in Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Angiotensin System Inhibitors on Physical Performance in Older People - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors on Physical Function in Elderly Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Drugs & aging · 2015Pooled it
- Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on cardiovascular adaptation to exercise training.Physiological reports · 2022Trial
- Effect of Antihypertensive and Statin Medication Use on Muscle Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Performing Strength Training.Drugs & aging · 2021Trial
- Antihypertensive Use and the Effect of a Physical Activity Intervention in the Prevention of Major Mobility Disability Among Older Adults: The LIFE Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2016Trial
- Multi-modal intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk among hypertensive older adults: Design of a randomized clinical trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2015Trial
- Do ACE inhibitors improve the response to exercise training in functionally impaired older adults? A randomized controlled trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2014Trial
- Effect of spironolactone on physical performance in older people with self-reported physical disability.The American journal of medicine · 2013Trial
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use by older adults is associated with greater functional responses to exercise.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2012Trial
- Renin angiotensin system-induced muscle wasting: putative mechanisms and implications for clinicians.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Is sarcopenia an associated factor of increased administration of specific medications in patients with heart failure? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Novel Potential Targets for Function-Promoting Therapies: Orphan Nuclear Receptors, Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Troponin Activators, Mas Receptor Agonists, and Urolithin A.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Interaction between sarcopenia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2023Review
- Centrally Acting ACE Inhibitor Use and Physical Performance in Older Adults.The Journal of frailty & aging · 2023Article
- Genome-Wide Analysis inGenes · 2022Article
- Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Is Associated with Exercise Capacity, Sympathetic Activity, and Endothelial Function in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.Kidney & blood pressure research · 2022Article
- Ang-(1-7) protects skeletal muscle function in aged mice.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2021Article
- Rewinding sarcopenia: a narrative review on the renin-angiotensin system.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2021Review
- Quadriceps muscle power and optimal shortening velocity are inversely related to angiotensin converting enzyme activity in older men.F1000Research · 2021Article
- Pharmacological targeting of age-related changes in skeletal muscle tissue.Pharmacological research · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAim of the present study was to evaluate whether an ACE inhibitor intervention is able to significantly improve physical performance and muscle strength in a sample of older persons.
designDouble-blind, cross-over, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
settingThe Trial of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition and Novel Cardiovascular Risk Factors (TRAIN) study.
participantsParticipants were 257 subjects aged 55 years and older with high cardiovascular risk profile.
interventionSix months of fosinopril use versus placebo. MEASUREMENTS: The Short Physical Performance Battery score (rescaled to obtain a continuous variable ranging from 0 to 3 points), and the hand grip strength were measured at the baseline visit, and after 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Paired t test analyses were performed to compare results of physical function measures after ACE inhibition and placebo interventions.
resultsMean age of the sample population was 65.97 (standard deviation 7.41) years old. No statistically significant difference was found at the Short Physical Performance Battery (P=.23) and hand grip strength (P=.57) results after ACE inhibition (2.113, standard deviation [SD] 0.284; and 37.044 kg, SD 12.993 kg, respectively) compared to placebo (2.096, SD 0.298; and 36.898 kg, SD 13.178 kg, respectively). No significant effects from ACE inhibition were also found when the 3 subtests composing the Short Physical Performance Battery (ie, 4-meter walking speed, balance, and chair stand tests) were separately analyzed. Consistent negative results were obtained after analyses were restricted to participants showing the highest compliance to treatment and/or receiving the maximum fosinopril dosage.
conclusionNo significant modifications in physical performance and muscle strength were reported after 6 months of fosinopril use in older persons with high cardiovascular risk profile. Given these negative findings, it is possible that the beneficial effects of ACE inhibitors on physical function might be attributable to the activation of a virtuous cycle determined by an improved cardiovascular system. Further specifically designed studies are needed to confirm our findings, and expand them to different populations and ACE inhibitors. If our findings will be confirmed, the extracardiovascular properties of ACE inhibitors in older persons might be substantially resized.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.