Trial reportThe Journal of experimental medicine2010
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in APECED or thymoma patients correlates with autoimmunity to Th17-associated cytokines.
Trial report in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 331 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
331 citing papers in PubMed, 654 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiplex Autoantibody Detection in Patients with Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndromes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Trial
- Proteome-wide survey of the autoimmune target repertoire in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- Article
- In vitro characterization of the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and bisphenol A on IL-17A regulation in mouse and human CD4+ T cells.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Toward a monogenic architecture of human infections: From 1996 to 2026.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- When Central Tolerance Fails: Thymic Malignancies at the Intersection of Cancer Immunity and Autoimmunity.Cancers · 2026Review
- Autoantibody repertoire analysis in paraneoplastic pemphigus reveals novel targets linked to mucocutaneous blistering and bronchiolitis obliterans.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- A novel heterozygous pathogenicJournal of human immunity · 2025Article
- Bibliometric analysis reveals global thymoma research trends collaborations and emerging frontiers from 2010 to 2024.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Immune cell subsets in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Impaired Aire-dependent IFN signaling in the thymus precedes the protective autoantibodies to IFNα.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Thymflammation: The Role of a Constitutively Active Inflammatory Network and "Ectopic" Cell Types in the Thymus in the Induction of T Cell Tolerance and Beyond.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Human immunity to fungal infections.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Decoding Immunobiology Through Genetic Errors of Immunity.Annual review of immunology · 2025Review
- Longitudinal Immune Profiling in Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Morphological characteristics of microenvironment in the human thymus during fetal development.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- The monogenic landscape of human infectious diseases.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Thymic inborn errors of immunity.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- The emerging fungal pathogenbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of antibody-dependent enhancement of infectious disease.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
271 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 16 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is frequently associated with T cell immunodeficiencies. Specifically, the proinflammatory IL-17A-producing Th17 subset is implicated in protection against fungi at epithelial surfaces. In autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED, or autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 1), CMC is often the first sign, but the underlying immunodeficiency is a long-standing puzzle. In contrast, the subsequent endocrine features are clearly autoimmune, resulting from defects in thymic self-tolerance induction caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE). We report severely reduced IL-17F and IL-22 responses to both Candida albicans antigens and polyclonal stimulation in APECED patients with CMC. Surprisingly, these reductions are strongly associated with neutralizing autoantibodies to IL-17F and IL-22, whereas responses were normal and autoantibodies infrequent in APECED patients without CMC. Our multicenter survey revealed neutralizing autoantibodies against IL-17A (41%), IL-17F (75%), and/ or IL-22 (91%) in >150 APECED patients, especially those with CMC. We independently found autoantibodies against these Th17-produced cytokines in rare thymoma patients with CMC. The autoantibodies preceded the CMC in all informative cases. We conclude that IL-22 and IL-17F are key natural defenders against CMC and that the immunodeficiency underlying CMC in both patient groups has an autoimmune basis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.