Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20123724›Full record

ArticleBrain : a journal of neurology2010

Reactive microgliosis: extracellular micro-calpain and microglia-mediated dopaminergic neurotoxicity.

Shannon Levesque, Belinda Wilson, Vincent Gregoria, Laura B Thorpe, Shannon Dallas, Vadim S Polikov, Jau-Shyong Hong, Michelle L Block

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Review
  10. Neuroinflammatory responses of microglia in central nervous system trauma.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2020
    Review
  11. Article
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  15. Article
  16. Microglial priming in Alzheimer's disease.Annals of translational medicine · 2018
    Review
  17. Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Shannon LevesqueDepartment of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Sanger Hall, Room 9-048, 1101 E. Marshall Street, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Campus, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298-0709, USA.
Belinda Wilson
Vincent Gregoria
Laura B Thorpe
Shannon Dallas
Vadim S Polikov
Jau-Shyong Hong
Michelle L Block
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences · USVirginia Commonwealth University Medical Center · USDuke University · US

Funding

Roles Of Brain Neuroimmune System In NeurodegenerationZIAES090082 · NIEHS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES · PI HONG, JAU-SHYONG SHYONG · 2009 to 2018
$22.0M
Reactive Microgliosis and Progressive Dopaminergic NeurotoxicityR00ES015409 · NIEHS · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI BLOCK, MICHELLE L · 2008 to 2010
$728k
Intramural NIH HHSNIEHS NIH HHS K99ES015409-01NIEHS NIH HHS R00 ES015409NIEHS NIH HHS R00ES01549
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microglia, the innate immune cells in the brain, can become chronically activated in response to dopaminergic neuron death, fuelling a self-renewing cycle of microglial activation followed by further neuron damage (reactive microgliosis), which is implicated in the progressive nature of Parkinson's disease. Here, we use an in vitro approach to separate neuron injury factors from the cellular actors of reactive microgliosis and discover molecular signals responsible for chronic and toxic microglial activation. Upon injury with the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, N27 cells (dopaminergic neuron cell line) released soluble neuron injury factors that activated microglia and were selectively toxic to dopaminergic neurons in mixed mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. mu-Calpain was identified as a key signal released from damaged neurons, causing selective dopaminergic neuron death through activation of microglial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and superoxide production. These findings suggest that dopaminergic neurons may be inherently susceptible to the pro-inflammatory effects of neuron damage, i.e. reactive microgliosis, providing much needed insight into the chronic nature of Parkinson's disease.

Indexed as

AnimalsCalpainCell DeathCell LineCells, CulturedCoculture TechniquesDopamineFemaleGliosisMaleMesencephalonMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMicrogliaNADPH OxidasesCalpainDopaminemu-calpainNADPH OxidasesSuperoxides

Identifiers

PMID20123724
PMCPMC2860703
OpenAlexW2119267323

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.