Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20123711›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2010

CD1d-dependent B-cell help by NK-like T cells leads to enhanced and sustained production of Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin-neutralizing antibodies.

T Scott Devera, Lindsay M Aye, Gillian A Lang, Sunil K Joshi, Jimmy D Ballard, Mark L Lang

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Use of aFrontiers in immunology · 2021
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  16. Natural killer T cell based Immunotherapy.Journal of vaccines & vaccination · 2012
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

T Scott DeveraDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA.
Lindsay M Aye
Gillian A Lang
Sunil K Joshi
Jimmy D Ballard
Mark L Lang
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The current Bacillus anthracis vaccine consists largely of protective antigen (PA), the protein of anthrax toxin that mediates entry of edema factor (EF) or lethal factor (LF) into cells. PA induces protective antibody (Ab)-mediated immunity against Bacillus anthracis but has limited efficacy and duration. We previously demonstrated that activation of CD1d-restricted natural killer-like T cells (NKT) with a CD1d-binding glycolipid led to enhanced Ab titers specific for foreign antigen (Ag). We therefore tested the hypothesis that activation of NKT cells with the CD1d ligand (alpha-galactosylceramide [alpha-GC]) at the time of immunization improves PA-specific Ab responses. We observed that alpha-GC enhanced PA-specific Ab titers in C57BL/6 mice. In CD1d(-/-) mice deficient in type I and type II NKT cells the anti-PA Ab response was diminished. In Jalpha281(-/-) mice expressing CD1d but lacking type I alpha-GC-reactive NKT cells, alpha-GC did not enhance the Ab response. In vitro neutralization assays were performed and showed that the Ab titers correlated with protection of macrophages against anthrax lethal toxin (LT). The neutralization capacity of the Ab was further tested in lethal challenge studies, which revealed that NKT activation leads to enhanced in vivo protection against LT. Anti-PA Ab titers, neutralization, and protection were then measured over a period of several months, and this revealed that NKT activation leads to a sustained protective Ab response. These results suggest that NKT-activating CD1d ligands could be exploited for the development of improved vaccines for Bacillus anthracis that increase not only neutralizing Ab titers but also the duration of the protection afforded by Ab.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsAnthraxAnthrax VaccinesAntibodies, NeutralizingAntigens, BacterialAntigens, CD1dBacillus anthracisBacterial ToxinsB-LymphocytesDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGalactosylceramidesMacrophagesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLAdjuvants, Immunologicalpha-galactosylceramideanthrax toxinAnthrax VaccinesAntibodies, NeutralizingAntigens, BacterialAntigens, CD1dBacterial ToxinsCd1d1 protein, mouseGalactosylceramides

Identifiers

PMID20123711
PMCPMC2849421
OpenAlexW2113316833

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.