SynthesisFood and nutrition bulletin2009
Multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy in low-income countries: a meta-analysis of effects on stillbirths and on early and late neonatal mortality.
Synthesis in Food and nutrition bulletin, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of different Iron-Folic acid (IFA) formulations, doses, and frequencies on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes compared to multiple micronutrients (MMN) among pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Maternal antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation for long-term health benefits in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Micronutrients and pregnancy; effect of supplementation on pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review.Nutrition journal · 2013Pooled it
- Maternal multiple micronutrient supplementation and pregnancy outcomes in developing countries: meta-analysis and meta-regression.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2011Pooled it
- The effect of folic acid, protein energy and multiple micronutrient supplements in pregnancy on stillbirths.BMC public health · 2011Pooled it
- Effect of multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and birth outcomes.BMC public health · 2011Pooled it
- Multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy in low-income countries: a meta-analysis of effects on birth size and length of gestation.Food and nutrition bulletin · 2009Pooled it
- Maternal Characteristics Affect Fetal Growth Response in the Women First Preconception Nutrition Trial.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of invitation to food supplementation early in pregnancy combined with multiple micronutrients on infant survival: analysis of data from MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2015Trial
- Leaf concentrate fortification of antenatal protein-calorie snacks improves pregnancy outcomes.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2014Trial
- Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh.BMC public health · 2014Trial
- Micronutrient supplementation and pregnancy outcomes: double-blind randomized controlled trial in China.JAMA internal medicine · 2013Trial
- Maternal factors and child health conditions at birth associated with preterm deaths in a tertiary health facility in Ghana: A retrospective analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Pathways linking socioeconomic status to small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants among primiparae: a birth cohort study in China.BMJ open · 2018Article
- Perspectives on the design and methodology of periconceptional nutrient supplementation trials.Trials · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMultiple micronutrient deficiencies are common among women in low-income countries and may adversely affect pregnancy outcomes.
objectiveTo conduct a meta-analysis of the effects on stillbirths and on early and late neonatal mortality of supplementation during pregnancy with multiple micronutrients compared with iron-folic acid in recent randomized, controlled trials.
methodsTwelve randomized, controlled trials were included in the analysis (Bangladesh; Burkina Faso; China; Guinea-Bissau; Indramayu and Lombok, Indonesia; Mexico; Sarlahi and Janakur, Nepal; Niger; Pakistan; and Zimbabwe), all providing approximately 1 recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of multiple micronutrients or iron-folic acid to presumed HIV-negative women.
resultsSupplementation providing approximately I RDA of multiple micronutrients did not decrease the risk of stillbirth (OR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.16), early neonatal mortality (OR = 1.23; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.59), late neonatal mortality (OR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.23), or perinatal mortality (OR = 1.11; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.33).
conclusionsOur meta-analysis provides consistent evidence that supplementation providing approximately 1 RDA of multiple micronutrients during pregnancy does not result in any reduction in stillbirths or in early or late neonatal deaths compared with iron-folic acid alone.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.