ReviewLipids in health and disease2010
Apolipoprotein E genotype and hepatitis C, HIV and herpes simplex disease risk: a literature review.
Review in Lipids in health and disease, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Plasma proteins and herpes simplex virus infection: a proteome-wide Mendelian randomization study.Virus genes · 2025Article
- Recruitment of apolipoprotein E facilitates Herpes simplex virus 1 attachment and release.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- Shattering the Amyloid Illusion: The Microbial Enigma of Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis-From Gut Microbiota and Viruses to Brain Biofilms.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Substance use moderates relationships between apolipoprotein E genotype, hepatitis C, cognition, and depression in Miami Adult Studies on HIV (MASH) participants.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- From Viral Infections to Alzheimer's Disease: Unveiling the Mechanistic Links Through Systems Bioinformatics.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Common infections and neuroimaging markers of dementia in three UK cohort studies.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Human APOE4 Protects High-Fat and High-Sucrose Diet Fed Targeted Replacement Mice against Fatty Liver Disease Compared to APOE3.Aging and disease · 2024Article
- Review
- Apolipoprotein E and viral infection: Risks and Mechanisms.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Review
- The mitochondrial BCKD complex interacts with hepatic apolipoprotein E in cultured cells in vitro and mouse livers in vivo.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Review
- Links between COVID-19 and Alzheimer's Disease-What Do We Already Know?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Lipids and apolipoproteins C-III and E among treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced persons with HIV in Nigeria.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2023Article
- Functional diversity of apolipoprotein E: from subcellular localization to mitochondrial function.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Review
- Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 and Hepatitis C Infections: The Dual Role of Apolipoprotein E4.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Identification of viral-mediated pathogenic mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases using network-based approaches.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2021Article
- Association of Apolipoprotein e polymorphism with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with the Blood-Brain Barrier.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Herpesvirus infections, antiviral treatment, and the risk of dementia-a registry-based cohort study in Sweden.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E is a polymorphic and multifunctional protein with numerous roles in lipoprotein metabolism. The three common isoforms apoE2, apoE3 and apoE4 show isoform-specific functional properties including different susceptibilities to diseases. ApoE4 is an accepted risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular disorders. Recently, associations between apoE4 and infectious diseases have been demonstrated. This review summarises how apoE4 may be involved in the infection incidence and associated pathologies of specific infectious diseases, namely hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus disease and herpes simplex.ApoE4 seems to be protective against chronic hepatitis C virus infection and retards fibrosis progression. In contrast apoE4 enhances the fusion rate of human immunodeficiency virus with target cell membranes, resulting in accelerated cell entry and faster disease progression. Its association with human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia remains controversial. Regarding herpes simplex virus infection, apoE4 intensifies virus latency and is associated with increased oxidative damage of the central nervous system, and there is some evidence that herpes simplex virus infection in combination with the apoE4 genotype may be associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. In addition to reviewing available data from human trials, evidence derived from a variety of cell culture and animal models are considered in this review in order to provide mechanistic insights into observed association between apoE4 genotype and viral disease infection and pathology.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.