Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20104063›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry2009

Cost-related medication nonadherence among beneficiaries with depression following Medicare Part D.

Kara Zivin, Jeanne M Madden, Amy J Graves, Fang Zhang, Stephen B Soumerai

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pharmaceutical policies: effects of regulating drug insurance schemes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
    Pooled it
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  10. Observational
  11. Cost-related medication non-adherence among U.S. adults with diabetes.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2018
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  20. Impact of Medicare Part D on antidepressant treatment, medication choice, and adherence among older adults with depression.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2011
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Kara ZivinDepartment of Veterans Affairs, Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D), Center of Excellence, Serious Mental Illness Treatment Research and Evaluation Center (SMITREC), Ann Arbor, MI, USA. kzivin@umich.edu
Jeanne M Madden
Amy J Graves
Fang Zhang
Stephen B Soumerai

Funding

Impact of Medicare Drug Benefit on Use and Cost-related Underuse of MedicinesR01AG028745 · NIA · HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC. · PI SOUMERAI, STEPHEN B · 2006 to 2014
$3.2M
THE HMO RESEARCH NETWORK CERTU18HS010391 · AHRQ · HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC. · PI PLATT, RICHARD · 2000 to 2006
$799k
AHRQ HHS 2U18HS010391AHRQ HHS U18 HS010391NIA NIH HHS 01AG028745NIA NIH HHS R01 AG028745
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextCost-related medication nonadherence (CRN) was problematic for Medicare beneficiaries with depressive symptoms before Medicare Part D.

objectiveTo estimate changes in CRN and forgoing basic needs to pay for drugs among Medicare beneficiaries with and without depressive symptoms following Part D implementation. DESIGN AND

settingThe authors compared changes in outcomes between 2005 and 2006 before and after Part D with changes between 2004 and 2005 using logistic regression to control for demographic characteristics, health status, and historical trends.

participantsThe community-dwelling sample of the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (N = 24,234).

main outcome measuresSelf-reports of CRN (skipping or reducing doses and not obtaining prescriptions) and spending less on basic needs to afford medicines.

resultsThe unadjusted annual prevalence of CRN among beneficiaries with depressive symptoms was 27% (2004), 27% (2005), and 24% (2006), compared with 13%, 12%, and 9% among beneficiaries without depressive symptoms. The annual prevalence of spending less on basic needs was 22% (2004), 23% (2005), and 19% (2006), compared with 8%, 9%, and 5% among beneficiaries without depressive symptoms. Controlling for historical changes and demographic characteristics, CRN did not decline among beneficiaries with depressive symptoms compared with beneficiaries without depressive symptoms (ratio of Part D changes 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73-1.32). Respondents with depressive symptoms seemed less likely to spend less on basic needs compared with individuals without depressive symptoms (0.70; 95% CI, 0.49-1.01); however, this difference was not statistically significant.

conclusionsDespite a Medicare Part D goal to improve medication adherence among mentally ill beneficiaries, the disparity in economic access to medications between beneficiaries with and without depressive symptoms did not improve after the start of Part D.

Indexed as

Drug MonitoringPrescription FeesAgedAged, 80 and overDepressive DisorderFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMedicare Part DMiddle AgedOdds RatioUnited States

Identifiers

PMID20104063
PMCPMC3773722

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.