Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20097782›Full record

ArticleDiabetes care2010

Potential mediators of diabetes-related hearing impairment in the U.S. population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004.

Kathleen E Bainbridge, Yiling J Cheng, Catherine C Cowie

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes care, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Self-Reported Type 2 Diabetes and the Rate of Hearing Decline in Aging.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2026
    Article
  8. Observational
  9. Hearing Care Within Diabetes Care: Strategies for Direct Inclusion.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kathleen E BainbridgeSocial & Scientific Systems, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA. kbainbridge@s-3.com
Yiling J Cheng
Catherine C Cowie
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · USSocial and Scientific Systems (United States) · US

Funding

NIAAA NIH HHS HHSN267200700001CNLM NIH HHS HHSN267200700001G
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe examined potential mediators of the reported association between diabetes and hearing impairment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsData come from 1,508 participants, aged 40-69 years, who completed audiometric testing during 1999-2004 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We defined hearing impairment as the pure-tone average >25 decibels hearing level of pure-tone thresholds at low/mid (500, 1,000, and 2,000 Hz) and high (3,000, 4,000, 6,000, and 8,000 Hz) frequencies. Using logistic regression, we examined whether controlling for vascular or neuropathic conditions, cardiovascular risk factors, glycemia, or inflammation diminished the association between diabetes and hearing impairment.

resultsDiabetes was associated with a 100% increased odds of low/mid-frequency hearing impairment (odds ratio 2.03 [95% CI 1.32-3.10]) and a 67% increased odds of high-frequency hearing impairment (1.67 [1.14-2.44]) in preliminary models after controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, smoking, and occupational noise exposure. Adjusting for peripheral neuropathy attenuated the association with low/mid-frequency hearing impairment (1.70 [1.02-2.82]). Adjusting for albuminuria and C-reactive protein attenuated the association with high-frequency hearing impairment (1.54 [1.02-2.32] and 1.50 [1.01-2.23], respectively). Diabetes was not associated with high-frequency hearing impairment after controlling for A1C (1.09 [0.60-1.99]) but remained associated with low/mid-frequency impairment. We found no evidence suggesting that our observed relationship between diabetes and hearing impairment is due to hypertension or dyslipidemia.

conclusionsMechanisms related to neuropathic or microvascular factors, inflammation, or hyperglycemia may be mediating the association of diabetes and hearing impairment.

Indexed as

AdultAgedDiabetes MellitusFemaleHealth SurveysHearing LossHumansHyperglycemiaHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedUnited States

Identifiers

PMID20097782
PMCPMC2845032
OpenAlexW2169945676

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.