ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2010
Nasolacrimal duct closure modulates ocular mucosal and systemic CD4(+) T-cell responses induced following topical ocular or intranasal immunization.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety Profile of Zavegepant in the Treatment of Acute Migraine: Insights from the FDA Adverse Event Monitoring System Database.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Histological changes of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue caused by pneumonia in Holstein young cows.Veterinary and animal science · 2026Article
- Role of mucosal chemokines in the development of tissue-resident CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Functional crosstalk between the lung and eye: a new frontier in chronic lung diseases.Archives of toxicology · 2025Review
- Influenza-Associated Ocular Complications: A Comprehensive Review of Viral Subtypes, Clinical Presentations, and Vaccination Risks.Vaccines · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infects cells lining the blood-retinal barrier and induces a hyperinflammatory immune response in the retina via systemic exposure.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Insights on the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through the eyes.International journal of ophthalmology · 2022Review
- Management of an ophthalmology department during COVID-19 pandemic in Milan, Italy.European journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 on the ocular surface: is it truly a novel transmission route?The British journal of ophthalmology · 2021Review
- In the eye of the storm: SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication at the ocular surface?Stem cells translational medicine · 2021Review
- Role of Eyes and Eyes Protection Amidst SARS-CoV-2 Infection.JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association · 2021Article
- The eye as the discrete but defensible portal of coronavirus infection.The ocular surface · 2021Review
- Ocular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2: Literature review.Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia · 2021Review
- The efficacy and safety of Yuxingcao eye drops in the treatment of COVID-19 conjunctivitis: A protocol for a systematic review.Medicine · 2020Article
- Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2020Review
- A comprehensive Chinese experience against SARS-CoV-2 in ophthalmology.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2020Review
- Unique Type I Interferon, Expansion/Survival Cytokines, and JAK/STAT Gene Signatures of Multifunctional Herpes Simplex Virus-Specific Effector Memory CD8Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Human Asymptomatic Epitope Peptide/CXCL10-Based Prime/Pull Vaccine Induces Herpes Simplex Virus-Specific Gamma Interferon-Positive CD107Journal of virology · 2018Article
- The eyes have it: influenza virus infection beyond the respiratory tract.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2018Review
- Bolstering the Number and Function of HSV-1-Specific CD8Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Both topical ocular and topical intranasal immunizations have been reported to stimulate the ocular mucosal immune system (OMIS) and the systemic immune system. Nasolacrimal ducts (NLDs) are the connecting bridges between the OMIS and nasal cavity-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT). These ducts drain topical ocularly administrated solutions into the inferior meatus of the nose to reach the NALT. Inversely, NLDs also drain intranasally administrated solutions to the mucosal surface of the eye and thus the OMIS. This unique anatomical connection between the OMIS and NALT systems provoked us to test whether the OMIS and NALT are immunologically interdependent. In this report, we show that both topical ocular administration and topical intranasal administration of a mixture of immunodominant CD4(+) T-cell epitope peptides from herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein D (gD) emulsified with the CpG(2007) mucosal adjuvant are capable of inducing local (in conjunctiva) as well as systemic (in spleen) HSV-peptide-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses. Interestingly, surgical closure of NLDs did not significantly alter local ocular mucosal CD4(+) T-cell responses induced following topical ocular immunization but did significantly enhance systemic CD4(+) T-cell responses (as measured by both T-cell proliferation and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production; P < 0.005). In contrast, NLD closure significantly decreased ocular mucosal, but not systemic, CD4(+) T-cell responses following intranasal administration of the same vaccine solution (P < 0.001). The study suggests that NALT and the OMIS are immunologically interconnected.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.