ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2010
Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis cysts by new real-time PCR assays for detection of mixed infections in human samples.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Unveiling the presence and genotypic diversity of Giardia duodenalis on large-scale sheep farms: insights from the Henan and Ningxia Regions, China.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections, Genotypes, and Drug Susceptibility ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Molecular investigation of ready-to-eat salads forFood and waterborne parasitology · 2023Article
- Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis and evidence for cross-species transmission in Northern Argentina.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Real-Time Screening PCR Assays forMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- The controversies surroundingCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2021Review
- Giardia duodenalis multi-locus genotypes in dogs with different levels of synanthropism and clinical signs.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Assessment of next generation amplicon sequencing of the beta-giardin gene for the detection ofFood and waterborne parasitology · 2020Article
- Giardia lamblia: Laboratory Maintenance, Lifecycle Induction, and Infection of Murine Models.Current protocols in microbiology · 2020Article
- Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in children in upper Egypt using assemblage- specific PCR technique.PloS one · 2020Article
- Molecular characterisation and taxon assemblage typing of giardiasis in primary school children living close to the shoreline of Lake Albert, Uganda.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2019Article
- Molecular characterization of Giardia lamblia in children less than 5 years of age with diarrhoea attending the Bengo General Hospital, Angola.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2017Article
- Predominance of Giardia lamblia assemblage A among iron deficiency anaemic pre-school Egyptian children.Parasitology research · 2016Article
- Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children in Kenya.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Molecular Characterization of Giardia lamblia: First Report of Assemblage B in Human Isolates from Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).PloS one · 2016Article
- Molecular Characterization and Risk Factors of Giardia duodenalis among School Children from La Habana, Cuba.Journal of parasitology research · 2015Article
- Quantification of viable Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in wastewater using propidium monoazide quantitative real-time PCR.Parasitology research · 2014Article
- Molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis isolates from German travellers.Parasitology research · 2013Article
- Performance of glutamate dehydrogenase and triose phosphate isomerase genes in the analysis of genotypic variability of isolates of Giardia duodenalis from livestocks.BioMed research international · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Of the seven genetic groups, or assemblages, currently recognized in the Giardia duodenalis species complex, only assemblages A and B are associated with human infection, but they also infect other mammals. Recent investigations have suggested the occurrence of genetic exchanges among isolates of G. duodenalis, and the application of assemblage-specific PCR has shown both assemblages A and B in a significant number of human infections. In this work, three real-time quantitative (qPCR) assays were developed to target the G. duodenalis triose phosphate isomerase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and open reading frame C4 sequences. Primers were designed to allow the specific amplification of the DNA of assemblage A or B and to generate products distinguishable by their melting curves or, after qPCR, by their sequences, sizes, or restriction patterns. The assays showed full specificity and detected DNA from a single trophozoite (4 to 8 target copies). We applied these assays, as well as a TaqMan assay that targets the beta-giardin gene, to genomic DNA extracted from 30 human stools and to Giardia cysts purified by immunomagnetic capture from the same samples. Simultaneous detection of both assemblages was observed in a large number of DNAs extracted from stools, and experiments on the cysts purified from the same samples showed that this was essentially attributable to mixed infections, as only one assemblage was detected when dilutions of cysts were tested. In a few cases, detection of both assemblages was observed even when single cysts were tested. This result, which suggests the presence of recombinants, needs to be confirmed using more accurate methods for cyst separation and enumeration. The assays described in this study can be used to detect Giardia cysts infectious to humans in samples from animals and in water and food.
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