Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2010
Listening to tailor-made notched music reduces tinnitus loudness and tinnitus-related auditory cortex activity.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05417711 (Efficacy of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Tailor-Made Notched Music Therapy Versus Tailor-made Notched Music Training for Chronic Subjective Tinnitus), which is not on this map. Cited by 109 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Tailor-Made Notched Music Therapy Versus Tailor-made Notched Music Training for Chronic Subjective Tinnitus: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Clinical Trial
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of tinnitus retraining therapy on patients with tinnitus: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of tailor-made notched music training (TMNMT) in the treatment of tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Guideline
- A multidisciplinary European guideline for tinnitus: diagnostics, assessment, and treatment.HNO · 2019Guideline
- A multidisciplinary systematic review of the treatment for chronic idiopathic tinnitus.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2017Pooled it
- [On the interdisciplinary S3 guidelines for the treatment of chronic idiopathic tinnitus].HNO · 2015Guideline
- Tailor-made notched music training-induced residual inhibition in subjective tinnitus: resting-state EEG spectral power ratio evidence.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Trial
- A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Notched Music Therapy for Tinnitus Patients.The journal of international advanced otology · 2021Trial
- BOLD fMRI effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in patients with chronic tinnitus.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Clinical trial on tonal tinnitus with tailor-made notched music training.BMC neurology · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Study protocol: Münster tinnitus randomized controlled clinical trial-2013 based on tailor-made notched music training (TMNMT).BMC neurology · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Modulatory effects of spectral energy contrasts on lateral inhibition in the human auditory cortex: an MEG study.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Effects of frequency discrimination training on tinnitus: results from two randomised controlled trials.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2012Trial
- Temporary suppression of tinnitus by modulated sounds.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2012Trial
- Short and intense tailor-made notched music training against tinnitus: the tinnitus frequency matters.PloS one · 2011Trial
- Effect of a Tinnitus Sound Therapy Application on Tinnitus Relief.Yonsei medical journal · 2026Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Maladaptive auditory cortex reorganization may contribute to the generation and maintenance of tinnitus. Because cortical organization can be modified by behavioral training, we attempted to reduce tinnitus loudness by exposing chronic tinnitus patients to self-chosen, enjoyable music, which was modified ("notched") to contain no energy in the frequency range surrounding the individual tinnitus frequency. After 12 months of regular listening, the target patient group (n = 8) showed significantly reduced subjective tinnitus loudness and concomitantly exhibited reduced evoked activity in auditory cortex areas corresponding to the tinnitus frequency compared to patients who had received an analogous placebo notched music treatment (n = 8). These findings indicate that tinnitus loudness can be significantly diminished by an enjoyable, low-cost, custom-tailored notched music treatment, potentially via reversing maladaptive auditory cortex reorganization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.