Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20075146›Full record

ArticleGenome research2010

Genome-wide discovery of human heart enhancers.

Leelavati Narlikar, Noboru J Sakabe, Alexander A Blanski, Fabio E Arimura, John M Westlund, Marcelo A Nobrega, Ivan Ovcharenko

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

89 citing papers in PubMed, 128 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Procollagen IIA mediates positive feedback control of the mouse cardiogenic transcriptional network.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Cardiac Transcription Factors and Regulatory Networks.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Fish-Ing for Enhancers in the Heart.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Transcriptional Programs and Regeneration Enhancers Underlying Heart Regeneration.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2018
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Human cardiacGenome research · 2018
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Leelavati NarlikarComputational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20894, USA.
Noboru J Sakabe
Alexander A Blanski
Fabio E Arimura
John M Westlund
Marcelo A Nobrega
Ivan Ovcharenko
University of Chicago · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Regulatory landscape of the human genome: comparative and evolutionary analysis.ZIALM200881 · NLM · NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE · PI OVCHARENKO, IVAN · 2009 to 2025
$20.1M
Generation and in vivo validation of cis-regulatory maps in eukaryotic genomesR01HG004428 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI NOBREGA, MARCELO A. · 2007 to 2009
$1.5M
Dissecting of the Tbx20 Regulatory NetworkR01HL088393 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI NOBREGA, MARCELO A. · 2009 to 2010
$844k
Intramural NIH HHSNHGRI NIH HHS HG004428NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG004428NHLBI NIH HHS HL088393NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL088393
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The various organogenic programs deployed during embryonic development rely on the precise expression of a multitude of genes in time and space. Identifying the cis-regulatory elements responsible for this tightly orchestrated regulation of gene expression is an essential step in understanding the genetic pathways involved in development. We describe a strategy to systematically identify tissue-specific cis-regulatory elements that share combinations of sequence motifs. Using heart development as an experimental framework, we employed a combination of Gibbs sampling and linear regression to build a classifier that identifies heart enhancers based on the presence and/or absence of various sequence features, including known and putative transcription factor (TF) binding specificities. In distinguishing heart enhancers from a large pool of random noncoding sequences, the performance of our classifier is vastly superior to four commonly used methods, with an accuracy reaching 92% in cross-validation. Furthermore, most of the binding specificities learned by our method resemble the specificities of TFs widely recognized as key players in heart development and differentiation, such as SRF, MEF2, ETS1, SMAD, and GATA. Using our classifier as a predictor, a genome-wide scan identified over 40,000 novel human heart enhancers. Although the classifier used no gene expression information, these novel enhancers are strongly associated with genes expressed in the heart. Finally, in vivo tests of our predictions in mouse and zebrafish achieved a validation rate of 62%, significantly higher than what is expected by chance. These results support the existence of underlying cis-regulatory codes dictating tissue-specific transcription in mammalian genomes and validate our enhancer classifier strategy as a method to uncover these regulatory codes.

Indexed as

GenomeAmino Acid MotifsAnimalsBase SequenceFemaleHeartHumansMammalsMicePregnancyProtein BindingRegulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidReproducibility of Results

Identifiers

PMID20075146
PMCPMC2840982
OpenAlexW2104698381

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.