ArticleCancer research2010
Natural killer cell cytotoxicity is suppressed by exposure to the human NKG2D ligand MICA*008 that is shed by tumor cells in exosomes.
Article in Cancer research, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 237 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
237 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 418 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular Vesicles as Emerging Drug Delivery Platforms in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Pooled it
- Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I-Related Chain A (MICA) Allelic Variants Associate With Susceptibility and Prognosis of Gastric Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Harnessing the NKG2D immune surveillance pathway using engineered T-cells for the treatment of human disease.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of tumor cell evasion from NK cell-mediated killing and advances in NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2026Review
- Review
- Colorectal cancer-derived exosomal ETS2 promotes macrophage M2 polarization by transcriptionally activating PRPF4.Human cell · 2026Article
- Targeting the NKG2D axis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: from molecular insights to clinical applications.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related A and B molecules and their potential role in virus-associated cancers.World journal of virology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Dynamics of Soluble NKG2D Ligands in Mild and Moderate Coronavirus Disease-2019.Yonago acta medica · 2026Article
- Calreticulin-Mediated Quality Control of the Non-Classical MHC-I Molecule MICA: Implications for Immune Surveillance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Targeting NKG2D/NKG2DL axis in cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and therapeutic applications.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- A fully human IgG1 antibody targeting MICA α1 domain inhibits interaction with NKG2D and activates immune effector functions against MICA-expressing cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Advances inFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicle microRNAs in the Crosstalk Between Cancer Cells and Natural Killer (NK) Cells.Cells · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles: biogenesis mechanism and impacts on tumor immune microenvironment.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications.MedComm · 2025Review
- The Role of MICA/B Molecules and the NKG2D Receptor in the Interaction Between NK-92 Cells and JEG-3 Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- TGF-β-Enriched Exosomes from Acute Myeloid Leukemia Activate Smad2/3-MMP2 and ERK1/2 Signaling to Promote Leukemic Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Immune Modulation.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Potential Roles of Serum Exosomal CD155 and its Impact on NK Cell Immunosuppression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Balkan medical journal · 2025Article
- An epitope-directed mRNA vaccine inhibits tumor metastasis through the blockade of MICA/B α1/2 shedding.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
177 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The MHC class I-related chain (MIC) A and MICB ligands for the activating receptor NKG2D can be shed from tumor cells, and the presence of these soluble molecules in sera is related with compromised immune response and progression of disease. Recently, thiol disulphide isomerases and members of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) gene family were identified as key enzymes in mediating MICA/B shedding from cells. Here, we report shedding of the most frequently expressed MICA allele in human populations (MICA*008) into exosomes, small membrane vesicles that are secreted upon fusion with the plasma membrane. Although similar to other MICA/B molecules in the extracellular domain, the predicted transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of MICA*008 are quite different, and this difference seemed to be critical for the mode of release from tumor cells. Treatment of natural killer (NK) cells with exosomes containing MICA*008 molecules not only triggered downregulation of NKG2D from the cell surface but also provoked a marked reduction in NK cytotoxicity that is independent of NKG2D ligand expression by the target cell. Our findings reveal a mechanism of NK suppression in cancer that may facilitate immune escape and progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.