ArticleInfection and immunity2010
Anaplasma marginale type IV secretion system proteins VirB2, VirB7, VirB11, and VirD4 are immunogenic components of a protective bacterial membrane vaccine.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Haematology, serum biochemistry, innate and adaptive immune system responses to blood pathogen infections in cattle: A review.Parasitology research · 2026Review
- Development of a Recombinase-Mediated Cassette Exchange System for Gene Knockout and Expression of Non-Native Gene Sequences inVaccines · 2025Article
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- Metagenome diversity illuminates origins of pathogen effectors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Antibody reactive immunomes ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
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- Transmission Cycle of Tick-Borne Infections and Co-Infections, Animal Models and Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Immunoreactive Protein Repertoires of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and E. canis Reveal the Dominance of Hypothetical Proteins and Conformation-Dependent Antibody Epitopes.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Comparative Analysis of Genome of Ehrlichia sp. HF, a Model Bacterium to Study Fatal Human Ehrlichiosis.BMC genomics · 2021Article
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- VirB10 vaccination for protection against Anaplasma phagocytophilum.BMC microbiology · 2018Article
- Identification of a T-Cell Epitope That Is Globally Conserved among Outer Membrane Proteins (OMPs) OMP7, OMP8, and OMP9 of Anaplasma marginale Strains and with OMP7 from the A. marginale subsp. centrale Vaccine Strain.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Article
- Nanoparticle-Based Delivery of Anaplasma marginale Membrane Proteins; VirB9-1 and VirB10 Produced in the Pichia pastoris Expression System.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Article
- The Rickettsia type IV secretion system: unrealized complexity mired by gene family expansion.Pathogens and disease · 2016Article
- Anaplasma marginale: Diversity, Virulence, and Vaccine Landscape through a Genomics Approach.BioMed research international · 2016Review
- Immunogenicity of Outer Membrane Proteins VirB9-1 and VirB9-2, a Novel Nanovaccine against Anaplasma marginale.PloS one · 2016Article
- Loss of Immunization-Induced Epitope-Specific CD4 T-Cell Response following Anaplasma marginale Infection Requires Presence of the T-Cell Epitope on the Pathogen and Is Not Associated with an Increase in Lymphocytes Expressing Known Regulatory Cell Phenotypes.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2015Article
- Secretome of obligate intracellular Rickettsia.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2015Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Anaplasma and related Ehrlichia spp. are important tick-borne, Gram-negative bacterial pathogens of livestock and humans that cause acute infection and disease and can persist. Immunization of cattle with an Anaplasma marginale fraction enriched in outer membranes (OM) can provide complete protection against disease and persistent infection. Serological responses of OM vaccinees to the OM proteome previously identified over 20 antigenic proteins, including three type IV secretion system (T4SS) proteins, VirB9-1, VirB9-2, and VirB10. Subsequent studies showed that these three proteins also stimulated CD4(+) T-cell responses in OM vaccinees. The T4SS, composed of a complex of proteins spanning the inner and outer membranes of certain bacteria, is an important virulence factor but is relatively unexplored as a vaccine target. The goal of this study was to determine if additional T4SS proteins are immunogenic for animals immunized with the protective OM fraction of A. marginale. T4SS proteins expressed by in vitro transcription and translation were screened for stimulating proliferation of T cells from OM vaccinees, and immunogenic proteins were expressed as recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli and their immunogenicity was verified. VirB2, a putative VirB7, VirB11, and VirD4 were immunogenic for OM vaccinees expressing several common major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II haplotypes. VirB2 is encoded by multiple genes that share a conserved central region, and epitope mapping revealed T-cell epitopes in this region. The discovery of novel immunogenic T4SS proteins recognized by outbred individuals with common MHC haplotypes further justifies evaluating the T4SS as a potential vaccine candidate for pathogenic bacteria.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.