ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2010
Novel thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein TMX4 has reductase activity.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insights into the modulation of age-related macular degeneration: Molecular and systems-level perspectives.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrating bioinformatic analyses and experimental validation of disulfidptosis-related genes and TMX4 in melanoma progression.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- circVEGFA inhibits apoptosis in porcine ovarian granulosa cells by binding to miR-21-3p and up-regulating TMX4 expression.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Article
- Molecular Determinants of TMC Protein Biogenesis and Trafficking.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Serum RNA Profile Reflects Fluid Status and Atrophic Retinal Changes in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Recent advances in vascular thiol isomerases: insights into structures, functions in thrombosis and antithrombotic inhibitor development.Thrombosis journal · 2025Review
- TMX5/TXNDC15, a natural trapping mutant of the PDI family is a client of the proteostatic factor ERp44.Life science alliance · 2024Article
- TMX4-driven LINC complex disassembly and asymmetric autophagy of the nuclear envelope upon acute ER stress.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Introducing Thioredoxin-Related Transmembrane Proteins: Emerging Roles of Human TMX and Clinical Implications.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2022Review
- Homeostasis of the ER redox state subsequent to proteasome inhibition.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Thioredoxin-Related Transmembrane Proteins: TMX1 and Little Brothers TMX2, TMX3, TMX4 and TMX5.Cells · 2020Review
- TMX2 Is a Crucial Regulator of Cellular Redox State, and Its Dysfunction Causes Severe Brain Developmental Abnormalities.American journal of human genetics · 2019Article
- Identification of new transmembrane proteins concentrated at the nuclear envelope using organellar proteomics of mesenchymal cells.Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) · 2019Article
- Thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2 (TMX2) regulates the Ran protein gradient and importin-β-dependent nuclear cargo transport.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- A genome-wide approach to screen for genetic variants in broilers (Gallus gallus) with divergent feed conversion ratio.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2016Article
- Multifunctional Thioredoxin-Like Protein from the Gastrointestinal Parasitic NematodesJournal of parasitology research · 2016Article
- Adiporedoxin, an upstream regulator of ER oxidative folding and protein secretion in adipocytes.Molecular metabolism · 2015Article
- Division of labor among oxidoreductases: TMX1 preferentially acts on transmembrane polypeptides.Molecular biology of the cell · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a number of thioredoxin (Trx) superfamily proteins are present to enable correct disulfide bond formation of secretory and membrane proteins via Trx-like domains. Here, we identified a novel transmembrane Trx-like protein 4 (TMX4), in the ER of mammalian cells. TMX4, a type I transmembrane protein, was localized to the ER and possessed a Trx-like domain that faced the ER lumen. A maleimide alkylation assay showed that a catalytic CXXC motif in the TMX4 Trx-like domain underwent changes in its redox state depending on cellular redox conditions, and, in the normal state, most of the endogenous TMX4 existed in the oxidized form. Using a purified recombinant protein containing the Trx-like domain of TMX4 (TMX4-Trx), we confirmed that this domain had reductase activity in vitro. The redox potential of this domain (-171.5 mV; 30 degrees C at pH 7.0) indicated that TMX4 could work as a reductase in the environment of the ER. TMX4 had no effect on the acceleration of ER-associated degradation. Because TMX4 interacted with calnexin and ERp57 by co-immunoprecipitation assay, the role of TMX4 may be to enable protein folding in cooperation with these proteins consisting of folding complex in the ER.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.