ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2010
Urinary concentrations of four parabens in the U.S. population: NHANES 2005-2006.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 180 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Personalized Mobile Intervention to Reduce Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) in Women of Child-Bearing Age and Their Partners
Minority-focused Environmental Health Education and Tracking (MEET) Pilot Study
Who cites it
180 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 449 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of ovarian dysfunction induced by environmental toxins: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of the toxic potential of parabens in fish.Frontiers in toxicology · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic evidence mapping informs a class-based approach to assessing personal care products and pubertal timing.Environment international · 2023Pooled it
- Gestational triclosan exposure and infant birth weight: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Environment international · 2021Pooled it
- Exposure to non-persistent chemicals in consumer products and fecundability: a systematic review.Human reproduction update · 2019Pooled it
- Measurement of urinary biomarkers of parabens, benzophenone-3, and phthalates in a Belgian population.BioMed research international · 2014Trial
- Mechanistic pathways of cosmetic ingredient toxicity: a critical review of in vitro and in vivo evidence.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Paternal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Couples' Pregnancy Outcomes: A Qualitative Review of the Literature.Current environmental health reports · 2026Review
- Metabolism-disrupting compounds and metabolic health during the menopausal transition: a narrative review.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Review
- Micronutrients as Mitigators of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Health Effects: A Scoping Review and Framework for Epidemiologic Studies.Current environmental health reports · 2026Article
- Environmental Pollutants and Food Allergy: From Traditional Triggers to Emerging Hazards.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Dynamics of Endocrine Disruptor Exposure in Early Life: A Mother-Infant Hair Biomonitoring Study.Toxics · 2026Article
- Clean beauty gentrification: The role of historic and contemporary resource allocation practices on hair product safety in Boston, MA.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- MeP Induces Metabolic Disorder and Liver Damage at Human-Relevant Exposure Levels: Role of the Gut Microbiota.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Analysis of Paraben and Bisphenol A Exposure in Relation to Food Intake Levels and Health Risk Assessments in the Taiwanese Population.Journal of food science · 2025Article
- QuEChERS analytical approach for monitoring endocrine-disrupting chemicals in human urine.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Young infants' exposure to parabens: lotion use as a potential source of exposure.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Racial and ethnic differences in prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and parabens in the ECHO Cohort.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Examining the role of self-reported product selection strategies in shifting chemical exposures among Black women and Latinas: Lessons from the Taking Stock Study.Environmental justice (Print) · 2025Article
120 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundParabens are widely used as antimicrobial preservatives in cosmetics, -pharmaceuticals, and food and beverage processing.
objectivesWe assessed exposure to methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl parabens in a representative sample of persons >or= 6 years of age in the U.S. general population from the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
methodsWe analyzed 2,548 urine samples by using online solid-phase extraction coupled to isotope dilution-high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
resultsWe detected methyl paraben (MP) and propyl paraben (PP) in 99.1% and 92.7% of the samples, respectively. We detected ethyl (42.4%) and butyl (47%) parabens less frequently and at median concentrations at least one order of magnitude lower than MP (63.5 microg/L) and PP (8.7 microg/L). Least-square geometric mean (LSGM) concentrations of MP were significantly higher (p <or= 0.01) among non-Hispanic blacks than among non-Hispanic whites except at older ages (>or= 60 years). Adolescent and adult females had significantly higher (p < 0.01) LSGM concentrations of MP and PP than did adolescent and adult males. Females were more likely than males [adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs): MP, 3.2 (2.99-5.27); PP, 4.19 (2.34-7.49)] and non-Hispanic blacks were more likely than non-Hispanic whites [MP, 4.99 (2.62-9.50); PP, 3.6 (1.86-7.05)] to have concentrations above the 95th percentile.
conclusionsThe general U.S. population was exposed to several parabens during 2005-2006. Differences in the urinary concentrations of MP and PP by sex and race/ethnicity likely reflect the use of personal care products containing these compounds.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.