ArticleNature2010
Endogenous non-retroviral RNA virus elements in mammalian genomes.
Article in Nature, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 225 papers.
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Who cites it
225 citing papers in PubMed, 495 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antiviral treatment perspective against Borna disease virus 1 infection in major depression: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2020Trial
- Unique Tunicate Traits Possibly Encoded by Horizontally Transferred Genes.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Locust cGAS-like Receptors Recognize Derivatives of a Gypsy Retrotransposon to Synergize with RNAi Against Viral Invasion.Insects · 2026Article
- Evolutionary dynamics of endogenous densoviruses NS1 proteins reveal ancient codivergence with their Platyhelminth hosts.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Reassessing viral origins and evolutionary placement in the tree of life.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Structure and function of the RNA polymerase complex of Borna disease virus, a nuclear-replicating non-segmented negative-strand RNA virus.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- HI-FEVER: a Nextflow pipeline for the high-throughput discovery and annotation of endogenous viral elements.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Diversity and evolutionary history of RNA viruses among different horseshoe crab species.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Discovery of novel non-retroviral endogenous viral elements reveals their long-term integration history in spiders.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Cryptic infection of a giant virus in a unicellular green alga.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- detectEVE: Fast, Sensitive and Precise Detection of Endogenous Viral Elements in Genomic Data.Molecular ecology resources · 2025Article
- Human Riboviruses: A Comprehensive Study.Journal of molecular evolution · 2025Review
- Activation of human endogenous retroviruses by Sox proteins induces cell apoptosis via the caspase-3 pathway.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- The Role of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Long-term Damage of Tissues and Organs, the Underestimated Role of Retrotransposons and Stem Cells, a Working Hypothesis.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- A Sendai virus-based expression system directs efficient induction of chondrocytes by transcription factor-mediated reprogramming.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Endogenous nege-like viral elements in arthropod genomes reveal virus-host coevolution and ancient history of two plant virus families.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Oral SARS-CoV-2 host responses predict the early COVID-19 disease course.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Advancements and challenges in mRNA and ribonucleoprotein-based therapies: From delivery systems to clinical applications.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Review
- Latent infection of an active giant endogenous virus in a unicellular green alga.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
165 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Retroviruses are the only group of viruses known to have left a fossil record, in the form of endogenous proviruses, and approximately 8% of the human genome is made up of these elements. Although many other viruses, including non-retroviral RNA viruses, are known to generate DNA forms of their own genomes during replication, none has been found as DNA in the germline of animals. Bornaviruses, a genus of non-segmented, negative-sense RNA virus, are unique among RNA viruses in that they establish persistent infection in the cell nucleus. Here we show that elements homologous to the nucleoprotein (N) gene of bornavirus exist in the genomes of several mammalian species, including humans, non-human primates, rodents and elephants. These sequences have been designated endogenous Borna-like N (EBLN) elements. Some of the primate EBLNs contain an intact open reading frame (ORF) and are expressed as mRNA. Phylogenetic analyses showed that EBLNs seem to have been generated by different insertional events in each specific animal family. Furthermore, the EBLN of a ground squirrel was formed by a recent integration event, whereas those in primates must have been formed more than 40 million years ago. We also show that the N mRNA of a current mammalian bornavirus, Borna disease virus (BDV), can form EBLN-like elements in the genomes of persistently infected cultured cells. Our results provide the first evidence for endogenization of non-retroviral virus-derived elements in mammalian genomes and give novel insights not only into generation of endogenous elements, but also into a role of bornavirus as a source of genetic novelty in its host.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.