ArticleJournal of vision2009
Accommodative and vergence responses to conflicting blur and disparity stimuli during development.
Article in Journal of vision, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Accommodative responses stimulated from the Maddox components of vergence in participants with normal binocular vision.Journal of vision · 2025Trial
- Impact of Stimulus Size and Cognitive Demand on Accommodation and Pupil Size in Children and Adults.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- A Quantitative Evaluation of the PowerRef 3 for Measuring Gaze Position.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Human accommodative visuomotor function is driven by contrast through ON and OFF pathways and is enhanced in myopia.Cell reports · 2026Article
- The Impact of Simulated Anisometropia and Bilateral Defocus on Reflex Vergence Responses of Children and Adults.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Accommodative behaviour and retinal defocus of children during prolonged viewing of electronic devices while wearing dual-focus myopia control soft contact lenses.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Article
- Hyperopic Eyes Are Structurally More Dynamic Than Myopic Eyes During Accommodation: An In Vivo Investigation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Depth-Related Visuomotor Performance in Keratoconus and Its Relationship to Stereopsis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- How Do Most Young Moderate Hyperopes Avoid Strabismus?Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Determining Work-Rest Schedules for Visual Tasks That Use Optical Head-Mounted Displays Based on Visual Fatigue and Visually Induced Motion Sickness Recovery.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Validation of the PowerRef 3 for Measuring Accommodation: Comparison With the Grand Seiko WAM-5500A Autorefractor.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Article
- Metasurface wavefront control for high-performance user-natural augmented reality waveguide glasses.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The relationship between reflex eye realignment and the percept of single vision in young children.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Influence of virtual reality on visual parameters: immersive versus non-immersive mode.BMC ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Active efficient coding explains the development of binocular vision and its failure in amblyopia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Eye-head coordination and dynamic visual scanning as indicators of visuo-cognitive demands in driving simulator.PloS one · 2020Article
- The Importance of the Interaction Between Ocular Motor Function and Vision During Human Infancy.Annual review of vision science · 2019Review
- Impact of Visual Cues on the Magnitude and Variability of the Accommodative Response in Children With Emmetropia and Uncorrected Hyperopia and Adults.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2019Article
- Induced vergence-accommodation conflict reduces cognitive performance in the Stroop test.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Two-dimensional simulation of eccentric photorefraction images for ametropes: factors influencing the measurement.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Accommodative and vergence responses of the typically developing visual system are generated using a combination of cues, including retinal blur and disparity. The developmental importance of blur and disparity cues in generating these motor responses was assessed by placing the two cues in conflict with each other. Cue-conflicts were induced by placing either -2 D lenses or 2 MA base-out prisms before both eyes of 140 subjects (2.0 months to 40.8 years) while they watched a cartoon movie binocularly at 80 cm. The frequency and amplitude of accommodation to lenses and vergence to prisms increased with age (both p < 0.001), with the vergence response (mean +/- 1 SEM = 1.38 +/- 0.05 MA) being slightly larger than the accommodative response (1.18 +/- 0.04 D) at all ages (p = 0.007). The amplitude of these responses decreased with an increase in conflict stimuli (1 to 3 D or MA) (both p < 0.01). The coupled vergence response to -2 D lenses (0.31 +/- 0.06 MA) and coupled accommodative response to 2 MA base-out prisms (0.21 +/- 0.02 D) were significantly smaller than (both p < 0.001) and poorly correlated with the open-loop vergence (r = 0.12; p = 0.44) and open-loop accommodation (r = -0.08; p = 0.69), respectively. The typically developing visual system compensates for transiently induced conflicts between blur and disparity stimuli, without exhibiting a strong preference for either cue. The accuracy of this compensation decreases with an increase in amplitude of cue-conflict.
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Registered trials
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