ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2010
Minimal effects of VEGF and anti-VEGF drugs on the permeability or selectivity of RPE tight junctions.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Porcine Single-Eye Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cell Culture for Barrier and Polarity Studies.Cells · 2025Article
- Protective role of IL-17-producing γδ T cells in a laser-induced choroidal neovascularization mouse model.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Tight junction disruption and the pathogenesis of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus: A narrative review.World journal of diabetes · 2023Review
- Mechanisms of macular edema.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Role of the choroidal vascularity index in branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) with macular edema.PloS one · 2021Observational
- Tight Junctions of the Outer Blood Retina Barrier.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Optimization of an in vitro bilayer model for studying the functional interplay between human primary retinal pigment epithelial and choroidal endothelial cells isolated from donor eyes.BMC research notes · 2019Article
- Magnetic nanoparticles: a strategy to target the choroidal layer in the posterior segment of the eye.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Effects of Ranibizumab and Aflibercept on Human Müller Cells and Photoreceptors under Stress Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Article
- The effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents on human retinal pigment epithelial cells under high glucose conditions.International journal of ophthalmology · 2017Article
- Familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis: clinical and molecular characteristics.Clinical kidney journal · 2015Article
- Clinical characteristics of responders to intravitreal bevacizumab in central serous chorioretinopathy patients.Eye (London, England) · 2015Article
- Enteral feeding and its impact on the gut immune system and intestinal mucosal barrier.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2015Review
- Cultured primary human fetal retinal pigment epithelium (hfRPE) as a model for evaluating RPE metabolism.Experimental eye research · 2014Review
- Vascular endothelial growth factor modulates the function of the retinal pigment epithelium in vivo.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2014Article
- Mechanism of blood-retinal barrier breakdown induced by HIV-1 (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2014Article
- Regulation of claudins in blood-tissue barriers under physiological and pathological states.Tissue barriers · 2013Review
- Engineering a blood-retinal barrier with human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium: transcriptome and functional analysis.Stem cells translational medicine · 2013Article
- Claudins and the modulation of tight junction permeability.Physiological reviews · 2013Review
- Effects of proinflammatory cytokines on the claudin-19 rich tight junctions of human retinal pigment epithelium.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeBevacizumab and ranibizumab are currently used to treat age-related macular degeneration by neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this study, the potential side effects on the outer blood-retinal barrier were examined.
methodsHuman fetal RPE (hfRPE) cells were used because they are highly differentiated in culture. The claudin composition of RPE tight junctions was determined by RT-PCR, immunoblot analysis, and immunofluorescence. ELISA assays monitored the secretion and trafficking of VEGF and a fluid-phase marker, methylpolyethylene glycol (mPEG). Tight junction functions were assessed by the conductance of K(+) and Na(+) (derived from the transepithelial electrical resistance, TER) and the flux of NaCl and mPEG.
resultsClaudin-3, claudin-10, and claudin-19 were detected in RPE tight junctions. VEGF was secreted in equal amounts across the apical and basolateral membranes, but the apical membrane was more active in endocytosing and degrading VEGF. Exogenous VEGF and mPEG crossed the RPE monolayer by transcytosis, predominantly in the apical-to-basal direction. RPE tight junctions were selective for K(+), but did not discriminate between Na(+) and Cl(-). VEGF, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab had minimal effects on TER, permeation of mPEG, and selectivity for K(+), Na(+), and Cl(-). They had minimal effects on the expression and distribution of the claudins.
conclusionsRPE has mechanisms for maintaining low concentrations of VEGF in the subretinal space that include endocytosis and degradation and fluid-phase transcytosis in the apical-to-basal direction. RPE tight junctions are selective for K(+) over Na(+) and Cl(-). Permeability and selectivity of the junctions are not affected by VEGF, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab.
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