ReviewThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2010
Secondary immunodeficiencies, including HIV infection.
Review in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 290 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety of higher dosages of Viscum album L. in animals and humans--systematic review of immune changes and safety parameters.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2011Pooled it
- Characteristics of lymphocyte subsets in HIV-infected, long-term nonprogressor, and healthy Asian children through 12 years of age.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2010Trial
- Multi-Indication Budget Impact Analysis of Subcutaneous IgPro20 Pre-filled Syringes for the Treatment of Primary Immunodeficiency Syndromes, Secondary Immunodeficiencies, and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy in Italy.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Risk Factors for Secondary Immunodeficiency in the Aged.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- PD-L1 is an intrinsic switch for natural killer cell-mediated, TRAIL-dependent antiviral function.Cell reports · 2026Article
- The endemic dilemma: why whole sporozoite malaria vaccine efficacy falls in the field.Trends in parasitology · 2026Review
- Drug-induced liver injury as a strong independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in tuberculous meningitis: potential age-related effect modification suggested in a large lifespan cohort.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Quality improvement project - Implementation of subcutaneous immunoglobulin in patients with haematological disorders and secondary immunodeficiency.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2026Article
- The Role of Immune Markers in Predicting Infectious Complications in Children with Congenital Heart Defects.Current pediatric reviews · 2026Review
- Incomplete penetrance in inborn errors of immunity: A skeleton in the closet-The sequel.Journal of human immunity · 2025Review
- Immunodeficiencies in Adults: Key Considerations for Diagnosis and Management.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Study protocol for developing a patient-reported outcome measure for infection screening in hematological patients with secondary immunodeficiency.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Disparities in health-related quality of life between patients with primary and secondary antibody deficiencies.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2025Article
- Article
- Body mass index and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a risk assessment in HIV-positive leukemia patients.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Malnutrition drives infection susceptibility and dysregulated myelopoiesis that persists after refeeding intervention.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Use of Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy in Clinical Practice: A Review.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2025Review
- Secondary antibody deficiencies: what's around the corner?Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Healthcare resource utilization and costs in immunodeficient patients receiving subcutaneous Ig: Real-world evidence from France.PloS one · 2025Article
- A Review on Risk Factors, Traditional Diagnostic Techniques, and Biomarkers for Pneumonia Prognostication and Management in Diabetic Patients.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Extrinsic factors can adversely affect immune responses, producing states of secondary immunodeficiency and consequent increased risk of infections. These immunodeficiencies, which can be encountered in routine clinical practice, arise from a number of conditions, such as treatment with glucocorticoids and immunomodulatory drugs, surgery and trauma, extreme environmental conditions, and chronic infections, such as those caused by HIV. The most common cause of immunodeficiency is malnutrition, affecting many communities around the world with restricted access to food resources. Protein-calorie deficiency and micronutrient deficiencies have been shown to alter immune responses; of note, recent progress has been made in the influence of vitamin D deficiency in causing failure of immune activation. Other categories of disease that might present with secondary immunodeficiency include metabolic diseases and genetic multisystemic syndromes. The immune defects observed in secondary immunodeficiency are usually heterogeneous in their clinical presentation, and their prognosis depends on the severity of the immune defect. Management of the primary condition often results in improvement of the immunodeficiency; however, this is sometimes not possible, and the risk of infections can be reduced with prompt antimicrobial treatment and prophylaxis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.