ArticlePloS one2009
CX3CR1 is expressed by human B lymphocytes and mediates [corrected] CX3CL1 driven chemotaxis of tonsil centrocytes.
Article in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- CX3CR1(+) B cells show immune suppressor properties.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Trial
- The CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in HIV-associated inflammation and cardiometabolic disease.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Review
- The Role of Fractalkine in Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Analysis of Prognostic Alternative Splicing Signatures in Tumor Immune Infiltration in Bladder Cancer.Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2025Article
- Article
- Recruitment and Maintenance of CX3CR1+CD4+ T Cells during Helminth Infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- A systematic pan-cancer analysis reveals the clinical prognosis and immunotherapy value of C-X3-C motif ligand 1 (CX3CL1).Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Article
- Review
- Cathepsin S as a potential therapeutic target for chronic pain.Medicine in drug discovery · 2020Article
- Article
- Biology of Infection and Disease Pathogenesis to Guide RSV Vaccine Development.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Contributes to Endometriosis-Induced Neuropathic Pain and Mechanical Hypersensitivity in Rats.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2018Article
- The therapeutic potential of targeting chemokine signalling in the treatment of chronic pain.Journal of neurochemistry · 2017Review
- Glycogen synthase kinase-3β regulates fractalkine production by altering its trafficking from Golgi to plasma membrane: implications for Alzheimer's disease.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2017Article
- Adenosine A1 receptors contribute to immune regulation after neonatal hypoxic ischemic brain injury.Purinergic signalling · 2016Article
- Interleukin-17A promotes the growth of human germinal center derived non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma.Oncoimmunology · 2015Article
- Conditioning solid tumor microenvironment through inflammatory chemokines and S100 family proteins.Cancer letters · 2015Review
- The interleukin (IL)-31/IL-31R axis contributes to tumor growth in human follicular lymphoma.Leukemia · 2015Article
- Fractalkine receptor polymorphism and chronic tonsillitis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFractalkine/CX(3)CL1, a surface chemokine, binds to CX(3)CR1 expressed by different lymphocyte subsets. Since CX(3)CL1 has been detected in the germinal centres of secondary lymphoid tissue, in this study we have investigated CX(3)CR1 expression and function in human naïve, germinal centre and memory B cells isolated from tonsil or peripheral blood. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe demonstrate unambiguously that highly purified human B cells from tonsil and peripheral blood expressed CX(3)CR1 at mRNA and protein levels as assessed by quantitative PCR, flow cytometry and competition binding assays. In particular, naïve, germinal centre and memory B cells expressed CX(3)CR1 but only germinal centre B cells were attracted by soluble CX(3)CL1 in a transwell assay. CX(3)CL1 signalling in germinal centre B cells involved PI3K, Erk1/2, p38, and Src phosphorylation, as assessed by Western blot experiments. CX(3)CR1(+) germinal centre B cells were devoid of centroblasts and enriched for centrocytes that migrated to soluble CX(3)CL1. ELISA assay showed that soluble CX(3)CL1 was secreted constitutively by follicular dendritic cells and T follicular helper cells, two cell populations homing in the germinal centre light zone as centrocytes. At variance with that observed in humans, soluble CX(3)CL1 did not attract spleen B cells from wild type mice. OVA immunized CX(3)CR1(-/-) or CX(3)CL1(-/-) mice showed significantly decreased specific IgG production compared to wild type mice. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: We propose a model whereby human follicular dendritic cells and T follicular helper cells release in the light zone of germinal centre soluble CX(3)CL1 that attracts centrocytes. The functional implications of these results warrant further investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.