ArticleGenetic epidemiology2010
Case-only gene-environment interaction studies: when does association imply mechanistic interaction?
Article in Genetic epidemiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Methods for modeling gene-environment interplay using polygenic risk scores.Statistical applications in genetics and molecular biology · 2026Review
- Case-only approach applied in environmental epidemiology: 2 examples of interaction effect using the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets.BMC medical research methodology · 2022Article
- Polygenic scores for empathy associate with posttraumatic stress severity in response to certain traumatic events.Neurobiology of stress · 2022Article
- Black and unarmed: statistical interaction between age, perceived mental illness, and geographic region among males fatally shot by police using case-only design.Annals of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Interaction of cardiac implantable electronic device and patent foramen ovale in ischemic stroke: A case-only study.Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE · 2019Article
- Article
- Familial aggregation of major depressive disorder in an African-American community.Depression and anxiety · 2018Article
- Genome-wide gene-environment interaction in depression: A systematic evaluation of candidate genes: The childhood trauma working-group of PGC-MDD.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2018Article
- Invited Commentary: The Continuing Need for the Sufficient Cause Model Today.American journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- Commentary: The formal approach to quantitative causal inference in epidemiology: misguided or misrepresented?International journal of epidemiology · 2016Article
- Detecting gene-environment interactions in human birth defects: Study designs and statistical methods.Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology · 2015Article
- Filter-free exhaustive odds ratio-based genome-wide interaction approach pinpoints evidence for interaction in the HLA region in psoriasis.BMC genetics · 2015Article
- Hyaluronan synthase 3 variant and anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy: a report from the children's oncology group.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2014Article
- Genome-wide investigation of gene-environment interactions in colorectal cancer.Human genetics · 2013Article
- Recommendations and proposed guidelines for assessing the cumulative evidence on joint effects of genes and environments on cancer occurrence in humans.International journal of epidemiology · 2012Article
- Commentary: reporting and assessing evidence for interaction: why, when and how?International journal of epidemiology · 2012Article
- Stochastic counterfactuals and stochastic sufficient causes.Statistica Sinica · 2012Article
- Article
- Statistical Optimization of Pharmacogenomics Association Studies: Key Considerations from Study Design to Analysis.Current pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2011Article
- Causal models for investigating complex disease: I. A primer.Human heredity · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Case-only studies are often used to identify interactions between a genetic factor and an environmental factor under the assumption both factors are independent in the population. However, interpreting a statistical association between the genetic and the environmental factors among the cases, as evidence of a mechanistic gene-environment interaction, is not always warranted. Using a mechanistic approach based on the sufficient cause framework, we show association amongst cases can arise between the genetic and environmental factors when there is in fact no mechanistic gene-environment interaction. However, when it can be assumed the genetic and environmental factors themselves can never prevent the outcome, we show a positive association amongst cases implies a mechanistic gene-environment interaction. Without this assumption that the effects of the two factors are never preventive, a multiplicative interaction greater than two is needed to conclude the presence of a mechanistic interaction. We furthermore show these tests for mechanistic interaction can be extended to scenarios in which the genetic and environmental factors are negatively associated in the population rather than independent.
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