ArticlePLoS pathogens2009
Use of zebrafish to probe the divergent virulence potentials and toxin requirements of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Capsular Polysaccharide Safeguards a Prophage-Bacterium Symbiosis by Preventing Collateral Attack and Promoting Viral Transmission.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Co-zorbs: Motile, multispecies biofilms aid transport of diverse bacterial species.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Co-zorbs: Motile, multispecies biofilms aid transport of diverse bacterial species.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- BefA, a microbiota-secreted membrane disrupter, disseminates to the pancreas and increases β cell mass.Cell metabolism · 2022Article
- A comparative study of the clonal diversity and virulence characteristics of uropathogenicGerms · 2022Article
- Bacterial hitchhikers derive benefits from fungal housing.Current biology : CB · 2022Article
- A Pilot Single Cell Analysis of the Zebrafish Embryo Cellular Responses to UropathogenicPathogens & immunity · 2022Article
- Characterization of a member of the CEACAM protein family as a novel marker of proton pump-rich ionocytes on the zebrafish epidermis.PloS one · 2021Article
- Zebrafish embryo sensitivity test as in vivo platform to anti-Shiga toxin compound screening.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2020Article
- α-Hemolysin of uropathogenic E. coli regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in THP-1 macrophages.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Review
- An in vivo brain-bacteria interface: the developing brain as a key regulator of innate immunity.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2020Article
- Context-Dependent Requirements for FimH and Other Canonical Virulence Factors in Gut Colonization by Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- High-throughput identification and rational design of synergistic small-molecule pairs for combating and bypassing antibiotic resistance.PLoS biology · 2017Article
- Escherichia coli O78 isolated from septicemic lambs shows high pathogenicity in a zebrafish model.Veterinary research · 2017Article
- Bioelectric regulation of innate immune system function in regenerating and intactNPJ Regenerative medicine · 2017Article
- Infection of zebrafish embryos with live fluorescent Streptococcus pneumoniae as a real-time pneumococcal meningitis model.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2016Article
- Strengths and Limitations of Model Systems for the Study of Urinary Tract Infections and Related Pathologies.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2016Review
- Neutrophils in host defense: new insights from zebrafish.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) cause an array of diseases, including sepsis, neonatal meningitis, and urinary tract infections. Many putative virulence factors that might modulate ExPEC pathogenesis have been identified through sequencing efforts, epidemiology, and gene expression profiling, but few of these genes have been assigned clearly defined functional roles during infection. Using zebrafish embryos as surrogate hosts, we have developed a model system with the ability to resolve diverse virulence phenotypes and niche-specific restrictions among closely related ExPEC isolates during either localized or systemic infections. In side-by-side comparisons of prototypic ExPEC isolates, we observed an unexpectedly high degree of phenotypic diversity that is not readily apparent using more traditional animal hosts. In particular, the capacity of different ExPEC isolates to persist and multiply within the zebrafish host and cause disease was shown to be variably dependent upon two secreted toxins, alpha-hemolysin and cytotoxic necrotizing factor. Both of these toxins appear to function primarily in the neutralization of phagocytes, which are recruited in high numbers to sites of infection where they act as an essential host defense against ExPEC as well as less virulent E. coli strains. These results establish zebrafish as a valuable tool for the elucidation and functional analysis of both ExPEC virulence factors and host defense mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.