ArticleBiotechnology progress
Active and inactive metabolic pathways in tumor spheroids: determination by GC-MS.
Article in Biotechnology progress. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Cancer Modeling and Personalized Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Reductive carboxylation supports redox homeostasis during anchorage-independent growth.Nature · 2016Article
- Mitochondria in Cancer Energy Metabolism: Culprits or Bystanders?Toxicological research · 2015Review
- Rapid uptake of glucose and lactate, and not hypoxia, induces apoptosis in three-dimensional tumor tissue culture.Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro · 2014Article
- The Pasteur's Dictum: Nitrogen Promotes Growth and Oxygen Reduces the Need for Sugar.Frontiers in oncology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Active metabolic pathways in three-dimensional cancer-cell cultures are potential chemotherapeutic targets that would be effective throughout tumors. Chaotic vasculature creates cellular regions in tumors with distinct metabolic behavior that are only present in aggregate cell masses. To quantify cancer cell metabolism, transformed mouse fibroblasts were grown as spheroids and fed isotopically labeled culture medium. Metabolite uptake and production rates were measured as functions of time. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to quantify the extent of labeling on amino acids present in cytoplasmic extracts. The labeling pattern identified several active and inactive metabolic pathways: Glutaminolysis was found to be active, and malic enzyme and gluconeogenesis were inactive. Transformed cells in spheroids were also found to actively synthesize serine, cysteine, alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and proline; and not synthesize glutamine. The activities of these pathways suggest that cancer cells consume glutamine for biosynthesis and not to provide cellular energy. Determining active metabolic pathways indicates how cells direct carbon flow and may lead to the discovery of novel molecular targets for anticancer therapy.
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Registered trials
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