ArticleRheumatology international2011
Increased level of tumor necrosis factor-α in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: marker not only of inflammation but also of the prothrombotic state.
Article in Rheumatology international, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Improves Endothelial Function in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Small-Scale Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Association of IgA antiphospholipid antibodies with hypercoagulability and inflammation in antiphospholipid syndrome.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2026Observational
- Cytokine profiling reveals distinct inflammatory clusters and clinical correlations in antiphospholipid syndrome.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Ubiquitin-proteasome system: a potential participant and therapeutic target in antiphospholipid syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Antiphospholipid Antibodies as Key Players in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Relationship with Cytokines and Immune Dysregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- An Intestinal Microbiome Intervention Affects Biochemical Disease Activity in Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome.TH open : companion journal to thrombosis and haemostasis · 2024Article
- Causal association between systemic lupus erythematosus and the risk of migraine: A Mendelian randomization study.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Causality between multiple autoimmune disorders and migraine and its subtypes: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Relationship between hyperuricemia and serositis in patients with lupus nephritis.International urology and nephrology · 2022Article
- Expression of tissue factor mRNA in thrombosis associated with antiphospholipid syndrome.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2021Article
- Inflammatory markers in thrombosis associated with primary antiphospholipid syndrome.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2020Article
- Digital ischaemia secondary to adalimumab-induced antiphospholipid syndrome.BMJ case reports · 2020Article
- Detrimental roles of TNF-alpha in the antiphospholipid syndrome and de novo synthesis of antiphospholipid antibodies induced by biopharmaceuticals against TNF-alpha.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2017Review
- TNF-alpha and annexin A2: inflammation in thrombotic primary antiphospholipid syndrome.Rheumatology international · 2016Review
- An ultrastructural analysis of platelets, erythrocytes, white blood cells, and fibrin network in systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology international · 2014Article
- Serum level of eight cytokines in Han Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using multiplex fluorescent microsphere method.Central-European journal of immunology · 2014Article
- Pathophysiological mechanisms in antiphospholipid syndrome.International journal of clinical rheumatology · 2011Article
- Tissue factor, blood coagulation, and beyond: an overview.International journal of inflammation · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Connections between inflammation and thrombosis are intriguing, especially in a condition such as an antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), a disease characterized by immune-mediated thrombosis. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a cytokine which shares proinflammatory and prothrombotic actions, while a soluble form of interlukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) is considered a typical marker of (auto)immune inflammation with not known direct links to thrombosis. The differences in the pathogenesis of APS as compared to other autoimmune diseases might be connected with different serum levels of both mediators. To answer this question, we studied 147 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 21 with SLE-like syndrome (SLE-LS), 20 with isolated APS (primary antiphospholipid syndrome, PAPS), and 32 healthy controls. Thirty-six patients from the SLE group fulfilled the updated APS criteria (secondary APS, SAPS). In comparison to healthy subjects, TNF-α concentration was increased in all patients, while sIL-2R rose significantly in the SLE group only. APS (both SAPS and PAPS) was characterized by the highest levels of TNF-α. Moreover, patients with lupus anticoagulant or elevated levels of IgG anticardiolipin or IgG anti-β(2)-glycoprotein I antibodies had higher TNF-α levels than patients without the presence of any type of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). In conclusion, the presence of aPL is associated with higher TNF-α level, whereas increased level of sIL-2R is rather connected with definite SLE where inflammatory processes prevail. It might be hypothesized that TNF-α plays a major role in pathogenesis of APS thrombotic phenomena.
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