Trial reportPloS one2009
The immunogenic SigA enterotoxin of Shigella flexneri 2a binds to HEp-2 cells and induces fodrin redistribution in intoxicated epithelial cells.
Trial report in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Defining enteric bacterial pathogenesis using organoids:Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Shigella sonnei: epidemiology, evolution, pathogenesis, resistance and host interactions.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- P1 Bacteriophage-Enabled Delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 Antimicrobial Activity AgainstACS synthetic biology · 2023Article
- Phylogenetic Classification and Functional Review of Autotransporters.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- SepA EnhancesmBio · 2021Article
- Article
- Serine Protease Autotransporters of theMicroorganisms · 2019Review
- First investigation of the presence ofInfection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Closed Genome and Comparative Phylogenetic Analysis of the Clinical Multidrug Resistant Shigella sonnei Strain 866.Genome biology and evolution · 2018Article
- A NovelmSphere · 2018Article
- Genome sequence of Shigella flexneri strain SP1, a diarrheal isolate that encodes an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL).Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2017Article
- Vaccinomics Approach for Designing Potential Peptide Vaccine by TargetingJournal of immunology research · 2017Article
- How Do the Virulence Factors ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Review
- Investigating the Relatedness of Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli to Other E. coli and Shigella Isolates by Using Comparative Genomics.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Subdomain 2 of the Autotransporter Pet Is the Ligand Site for Recognizing the Pet Receptor on the Epithelial Cell Surface.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Determinants of Proteolysis and Cell-Binding for the Shigella flexneri Cytotoxin, SigA.Current microbiology · 2015Article
- Bacterial serine proteases secreted by the autotransporter pathway: classification, specificity, and role in virulence.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2014Review
- Autotransporters but not pAA are critical for rabbit colonization by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4.Nature communications · 2014Article
- Article
- Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4: an emerging pathogen with enhanced virulence.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe have previously shown that the enterotoxin SigA which resides on the she pathogenicity island (PAI) of S. flexneri 2a is an autonomously secreted serine protease capable of degrading casein. We have also demonstrated that SigA is cytopathic for HEp-2 cells and plays a role in the intestinal fluid accumulation associated with S. flexneri infections. METHODS/PRINCIPAL
findingsIn this work we show that SigA binds specifically to HEp-2 cells and degrades recombinant human alphaII spectrin (alpha-fodrin) in vitro, suggesting that the cytotoxic and enterotoxic effects mediated by SigA are likely associated with the degradation of epithelial fodrin. Consistent with our data, this study also demonstrates that SigA cleaves intracellular fodrin in situ, causing its redistribution within cells. These results strongly implicate SigA in altering the cytoskeleton during the pathogenesis of shigellosis. On the basis of these findings, cleavage of fodrin is a novel mechanism of cellular intoxication for a Shigella toxin. Furthermore, information regarding immunogenicity to SigA in infected patients is lacking. We studied the immune response of SigA from day 28 post-challenge serum of one volunteer from S. flexneri 2a challenge studies. Our results demonstrate that SigA is immunogenic following infection with S. flexneri 2a.
conclusionsThis work shows that SigA binds to epithelial HEp-2 cells as well as being able to induce fodrin degradation in vitro and in situ, further extending its documented role in the pathogenesis of Shigella infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.