ArticleInfection and immunity2010
High matrix metalloproteinase production correlates with immune activation and leukocyte migration in leprosy reactional lesions.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Host Proteome Remodeling During Group A Streptococcus Skin Infection.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2026Article
- Differential regulation of neutrophil degranulation by p38 MAPK and mitochondrial ROS duringFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Sequential trypsin and ProAlanase digestions unearth immunological protein biomarkers shrouded by skeletal collagen.iScience · 2024Article
- Intralesional gene expression profile of JAK-STAT signaling pathway and associated cytokines inFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- In search of biomarkers for leprosy by unraveling the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- Detection of selection signatures for response to Aleutian mink disease virus infection in American mink.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- Host-Related Laboratory Parameters for Leprosy Reactions.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Large-Scale Gene Expression Signatures Reveal a Microbicidal Pattern of Activation inFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Neutrophil NETworking in ENL: Potential as a Putative Biomarker: Future Insights.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Macrophage Polarization in Leprosy-HIV Co-infected Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- A Systematic Review of Immunological Studies of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Cell-type deconvolution with immune pathways identifies gene networks of host defense and immunopathology in leprosy.JCI insight · 2016Article
- Matrix metalloproteinase 9 production by monocytes is enhanced by TNF and participates in the pathology of human cutaneous Leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Article
- Article
- Clinical and immunological aspects of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in Bangladesh.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2013Article
- Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2, -9) and tissue inhibitor (TIMP-1, -2) activity in tear samples of pediatric type 1 diabetic patients: MMPs in tear samples from type 1 diabetes.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2013Article
- LPS counter regulates RNA expression of extracellular proteases and their inhibitors in murine macrophages.Mediators of inflammation · 2012Article
- Therapeutic failure in American cutaneous leishmaniasis is associated with gelatinase activity and cytokine expression.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2011Article
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10 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Gelatinases A and B (matrix metalloproteinase 2 [MMP-2] and MMP-9, respectively) can induce basal membrane breakdown and leukocyte migration, but their role in leprosy skin inflammation remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed clinical specimens from leprosy patients taken from stable, untreated skin lesions and during reactional episodes (reversal reaction [RR] and erythema nodosum leprosum [ENL]). The participation of MMPs in disease was suggested by (i) increased MMP mRNA expression levels in skin biopsy specimens correlating with the expression of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), (ii) the detection of the MMP protein and enzymatic activity within the inflammatory infiltrate, (iii) increased MMP levels in patient sera, and (iv) the in vitro induction of MMP-9 by Mycobacterium leprae and/or TNF-alpha. It was observed that IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, MMP-2, and MMP-9 mRNA levels were higher in tuberculoid than lepromatous lesions. In contrast, interleukin-10 and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP-1) message were not differentially modulated. These data correlated with the detection of the MMP protein evidenced by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. When RR and ENL lesions were analyzed, an increase in TNF-alpha, MMP-2, and MMP-9, but not TIMP-1, mRNA levels was observed together with stronger MMP activity (zymography/in situ zymography). Moreover, following in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood cells, M. leprae induced the expression of MMP-9 (mRNA and protein) in cultured cells. Overall, the present data demonstrate an enhanced MMP/TIMP-1 ratio in the inflammatory states of leprosy and point to potential mechanisms for tissue damage. These results pave the way toward the application of new therapeutic interventions for leprosy reactions.
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