ArticleInternational immunopharmacology2010
Auto/paracrine control of inflammatory cytokines by acetylcholine in macrophage-like U937 cells through nicotinic receptors.
Article in International immunopharmacology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 34 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Neurotransmitters and Immunity: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Potential Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2025Review
- Klotho microinjection into the RVLM attenuates acute kidney injuryResearch in pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- Competitive Antagonism of Xylazine on α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Reversal by Curcuminoids.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Serum autoantibodies against α7-nicotinic receptors in subgroups of patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia: clinical features and link with peripheral inflammation.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Cholinergic Polarization of Human Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: Therapeutic targets for novel ligands to treat pain and inflammation.Pharmacological research · 2023Review
- α7- and α9-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in the Functioning of Immune System and in Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Endocytic coelomocytes are required for lifespan extension by axenic dietary restriction.PloS one · 2023Article
- Neurotransmitters: promising immune modulators in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The role of dorsal root ganglia alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in complete Freund's adjuvant-induced chronic inflammatory pain.Inflammopharmacology · 2021Article
- The Role of α7nAChR-Mediated Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway in Immune Cells.Inflammation · 2021Review
- Cholinergic Modulation of the Immune System in Neuroinflammatory Diseases.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Street RABV Induces the Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages by Binding to nAChr α7.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Selenium-Containing Amino Acids Protect Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis via Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Intestinal Inflammation.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
- The importance of the neuro-immuno-cutaneous system on human skin equivalent design.Cell proliferation · 2019Review
- Effect of Central Injection of Neostigmine on the Bacterial Endotoxin Induced Suppression of GnRH/LH Secretion in Ewes during the Follicular Phase of the Estrous Cycle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- α9-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the modulation of pain.British journal of pharmacology · 2018Review
- The Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Response and the Role of Macrophages in HIV-Induced Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although acetylcholine (ACh) is well known for its neurotransmitter function, recent studies have indicated that it also functions as an immune cytokine that prevents macrophage activation through a 'cholinergic (nicotinic) anti-inflammatory pathway'. In this study, we used the macrophage-like U937 cells to elucidate the mechanisms of the physiologic control of cytokine production by auto/paracrine ACh through the nicotinic class of ACh receptors (nAChRs) expressed in these cells. Stimulation of cells with lipopolysaccharide up-regulated expression of alpha1, alpha4, alpha5, alpha7, alpha10, beta1 and beta3 subunits, down-regulated alpha6 and beta2 subunits, and did not alter the relative quantity of alpha9 and beta4 mRNAs. Distinct nAChR subtypes showed differential regulation of the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. While inhibition of the expression of the TNF-alpha gene was mediated predominantly by the alpha-bungarotoxin sensitive nAChRs, that of the IL-6 and IL-18 genes-by the mecamylamine-sensitive nAChRs. Both the Mec- and alphaBtx-sensitive nAChRs regulated expression of the IL-1beta gene equally efficiently. Upregulation of IL-10 production by auto/paracrine ACh was mediated predominantly through alpha7 nAChR. These findings offer a new insight on how nicotinic agonists control inflammation, thus laying a groundwork for the development of novel immunomodulatory therapies based on the nAChR subtype selectivity of nicotinic agonists.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.