Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20004432›Full record

ArticleSurgery2010

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 delays wound healing in a murine wound model.

Matthew J Reiss, Yan-Ping Han, Edwin Garcia, Mytien Goldberg, Hong Yu, Warren L Garner

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Surgery, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed
7.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

71 citing papers in PubMed, 184 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Comprehensive Evaluation ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
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  14. Science advances · 2024
    Article
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11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Matthew J ReissDivision of Plastic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Yan-Ping Han
Edwin Garcia
Mytien Goldberg
Hong Yu
Warren L Garner
University of Southern California · US

Funding

Cytokine induced abnormal wound healingR01GM050967 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI GARNER, WARREN L. · 2002 to 2005
$1.2M
ACT,a pathophysiological inhibitor of MMP-9 activationR01AR051558 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI HAN, YUAN-PING · 2004 to 2008
$1.1M
MECHANISM OF HYPERTROPHIC SCARRING AFTER THERMAL TRAUMAR29GM050967 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI GARNER, WARREN L. · 1995 to 1999
–
NIAMS NIH HHS AR051558NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR051558NIGMS NIH HHS GM 050967NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM050967NIGMS NIH HHS R29 GM050967
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMetalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a type IV collagenase found at elevated levels in chronic wounds. As wounds heal, MMP-9 diminishes. In this study, we investigated whether MMP-9 directly contributes to chronic wound pathogenesis.

methodsRecombinant proMMP-9 was prepared using immortalized keratinocytes transduced by a lentivirus. ProMMP-9 was purified from cell culture media and activated using 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate. Active MMP-9 was then suspended in xanthan gum to a concentration paralleling that found in human chronic wounds. Two parallel 6-mm punch biopsies were made on the backs of C57BL mice. Wounds were treated daily with MMP-9 or vehicle. Wound areas were measured and tissues examined by densitometry, real-time RT-PCR, histology, and immunohistochemistry at days 7, 10, and 12.

resultsExogenous MMP-9, at the level found within chronic wounds, delayed wound healing in this animal model. By 7 days, wounds in the MMP-9-injected group were 12% larger than control wounds (P = .008). By day 12, wounds in the MMP-9-injected group were 25% larger than those of the control group (P = .03). Histologic examination shows that high levels of active MMP-9-impaired epithelial migrating tongues (P = .0008). Moreover, consistent with elevated MMP-9, the collagen IV in the leading edge of the epithelial tongue was diminished.

conclusionMMP-9 appears to directly delay wound healing. Our data suggests that this may occur through interference with re-epithelialization. We propose that MMP-9 interferes with the basement membrane protein structure, which in turn impedes keratinocyte migration, attachment, and the reestablishment of the epidermis.

Indexed as

AnimalsBasement MembraneBlotting, WesternCell MovementElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelEnzyme PrecursorsEpitheliumMatrix Metalloproteinase 9MiceMice, Inbred C57BLRecombinant ProteinsSkinWound HealingEnzyme PrecursorsMatrix Metalloproteinase 9pro-matrix metalloproteinase 9Recombinant Proteins

Identifiers

PMID20004432
PMCPMC2813947
OpenAlexW2111189753

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.