Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20003346›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2009

Gene socialization: gene order, GC content and gene silencing in Salmonella.

Nikolas Papanikolaou, Kalliopi Trachana, Theodosios Theodosiou, Vasilis J Promponas, Ioannis Iliopoulos

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 45% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Distinct chromosomal "niches" in the genome ofNAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2022
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Nikolas PapanikolaouDivision of Medical Sciences, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. papnikol@med.uoc.gr
Kalliopi Trachana
Theodosios Theodosiou
Vasilis J Promponas
Ioannis Iliopoulos
University of Crete · GRAristotle University of Thessaloniki · GREuropean Molecular Biology Organization · DEUniversity of Cyprus · CY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGenes of conserved order in bacterial genomes tend to evolve slower than genes whose order is not conserved. In addition, genes with a GC content lower than the GC content of the resident genome are known to be selectively silenced by the histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS) in Salmonella.

resultsIn this study, we use a comparative genomics approach to demonstrate that in Salmonella, genes whose order is not conserved (or genes without homologs) in closely related bacteria possess a significantly lower average GC content in comparison to genes that preserve their relative position in the genome. Moreover, these genes are more frequently targeted by H-NS than genes that have conserved their genomic neighborhood. We also observed that duplicated genes that do not preserve their genomic neighborhood are, on average, under less selective pressure.

conclusionsWe establish a strong association between gene order, GC content and gene silencing in a model bacterial species. This analysis suggests that genes that are not under strong selective pressure (evolve faster than others) in Salmonella tend to accumulate more AT-rich mutations and are eventually silenced by H-NS. Our findings may establish new approaches for a better understanding of bacterial genome evolution and function, using information from functional and comparative genomics.

Indexed as

Base CompositionGene OrderGene SilencingGenome, BacterialBacterial ProteinsComparative Genomic HybridizationDNA, BacterialDNA-Binding ProteinsEvolution, MolecularGenes, BacterialSalmonellaSequence AlignmentSequence Analysis, DNABacterial ProteinsDNA, BacterialDNA-Binding ProteinsH-NS protein, bacteria

Identifiers

PMID20003346
PMCPMC2801525
OpenAlexW2109654938

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.