ArticleHIV medicine2010
Lopinavir protein binding in HIV-1-infected pregnant women.
Article in HIV medicine, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00042289 (Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiretroviral and Related Drugs During Pregnancy and Postpartum), which is not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiretroviral and Related Drugs During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pregnancy-Associated Changes in Pharmacokinetics: A Systematic Review.PLoS medicine · 2016Pooled it
- No Need for Lopinavir Dose Adjustment during Pregnancy: a Population Pharmacokinetic and Exposure-Response Analysis in Pregnant and Nonpregnant HIV-Infected Subjects.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Trial
- Population approach to analyze the pharmacokinetics of free and total lopinavir in HIV-infected pregnant women and consequences for dose adjustment.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Trial
- Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir and efavirenz in food insecure HIV-infected pregnant and breastfeeding women in Tororo, Uganda.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2014Trial
- Improved oral bioavailability of lopinavir in melt-extruded tablet formulation reduces impact of third trimester on lopinavir plasma concentrations.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2012Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and virologic response of zidovudine/lopinavir/ritonavir initiated during the third trimester of pregnancy.AIDS (London, England) · 2010Trial
- Maternal-Fetal Physiologically Based Population Pharmacokinetics Model Development of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in HIV/HBV Co-infected Pregnant Women to Quantitatively Describe the Gestational PK Characteristics and Predict the Potential Disease-Drug-Drug Interaction (DDDI).Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Article
- Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy but Not Pregnancy Increased Unbound Piperaquine Exposure in Women during Malaria Chemoprevention.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Characterization of Plasma Protein Alterations in Pregnant and Postpartum Individuals Living With HIV to Support Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model Development.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
- Pharmacokinetic Enhancement of HIV Antiretroviral Therapy During Pregnancy.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Review
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Renally Cleared Drugs in Pregnant Women.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2017Article
- Model-Based Analysis of Unbound Lopinavir Pharmacokinetics in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women Supports Standard Dosing in the Third Trimester.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2016Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Once Versus Twice Daily Darunavir in Pregnant HIV-Infected Women.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Article
- Alteration in cytochrome P450 3A4 activity as measured by a urine cortisol assay in HIV-1-infected pregnant women and relationship to antiretroviral pharmacokinetics.HIV medicine · 2015Article
- Protein binding of lopinavir and ritonavir during 4 phases of pregnancy: implications for treatment guidelines.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Article
- Etravirine in CSF is highly protein bound.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2013Article
- Interpreting tacrolimus concentrations during pregnancy and postpartum.Transplantation · 2013Review
- Pharmacokinetic optimization of antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2012Review
- Global HIV/AIDS Clinical and Translational Pharmacology.AIDS research and treatment · 2012Article
- PHARMACOKINETIC EXPOSURE AND VIROLOGIC RESPONSE IN HIV-1 INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN TREATED WITH LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR: AIDS CLINICAL TRIALS GROUP PROTOCOL A5153S: A SUBSTUDY TO A5150.Jacobs journal of AIDS/HIVArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPregnancy may alter protein binding (PB) of highly bound protease inhibitors due to changes in plasma concentrations of albumin and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AAG). Small changes in PB can greatly impact the fraction of drug unbound (FU) exerting pharmacological effect. We report lopinavir (LPV) PB during third trimester (antepartum, AP) compared to > or =1.7 weeks postpartum (PP) to determine if FU changes compensate for reduced total concentrations reported previously.
methodsP1026s enrolled women receiving LPV/ritonavir, soft gel capsules 400/100 mg or 533/133 mg twice daily. LPV FU, albumin and AAG were determined AP and PP.
resultsAP/PP samples were available from 29/25 women respectively with all but one woman receiving the same dose AP/PP. LPV FU was increased 18% AP vs. PP (mean 0.96+/-0.16% AP vs. 0.82+/-0.21% PP, P=0.001). Mean protein concentrations were reduced AP (AAG=477 mg/L; albumin=3.28 mg/dL) vs. PP (AAG=1007 mg/L; albumin=3.85 mg/dL) (P<0.0001 for each comparison). AAG concentration correlated with LPV binding. Total LPV concentration did not correlate with LPV FU AP or PP. However, higher LPV concentration PP was associated with reduced PB and higher FU after adjustment for AAG.
conclusionsLPV FU was higher and AAG lower AP vs. PP. The 18% increase in LPV FU AP is smaller than the reduction in total LPV concentration reported previously and is not of sufficient magnitude to eliminate the need for an increased dose during pregnancy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.