ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2009
Intestinal epithelial cell secretion of RELM-beta protects against gastrointestinal worm infection.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
173 citing papers in PubMed, 283 citations in OpenAlex.
- Goat gut microbiome as a reservoir for microorganism-encoded short peptides: regulation by host development age and nematode challenge.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
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- Blimp-1 integrates alarmin signals in ILC2s and drives proinflammatory functions required for type 2 immunity.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Novel Perspectives on the Relationship Between the Gastrointestinal Mucus Barrier and Soybean Agglutinin.Cells · 2026Review
- KIT supports small intestinal tuft cell hyperplasia.Science advances · 2026Article
- Distinguishing Features of ILC2s During Type 2 Immune Responses.European journal of immunology · 2026Review
- From mucus secretion to immune surveillance: the evolving roles of goblet cells in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Fermentable fiber supplementation in pigs promotes anti-parasitic defense mechanisms and impacts parasite growth inFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Tuft cells contribute to the pathogenesis of human primary and experimental murine Sjögren's disease.Journal of dental sciences · 2026Article
- Context-dependent roles of resistin-like molecule β in mucosal defense and inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Using gnotobiotic mice to decipher effects of gut microbiome repair in undernourished children on tuft and goblet cell function.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Enteric nervous system-derived VIP restrains differentiation of LGR5Nature immunology · 2025Article
- A unified multimodal single-cell framework reveals a discrete state model of hematopoiesis in mice.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Using gnotobiotic mice to decipher effects of gut microbiome repair in undernourished children on tuft and goblet cell function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- New Perspectives on Classical Alarmin Responses to Intestinal Helminth Infection.Parasite immunology · 2025Review
- Metabolomic and functional analyses of small molecules secreted by intestinal nematodes in the activation of epithelial tuft cells.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Article
- Impact of a previous infection with Taenia crassiceps cysticerci on the susceptibility to Leishmania (L.) major or L. (V.) braziliensis.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Differential resistance to nematode infection is associated with the genotype- and age-dependent pace of intestinal T cell homing.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Th2 cells drive protective immunity against most parasitic helminths, but few mechanisms have been demonstrated that facilitate pathogen clearance. We show that IL-4 and IL-13 protect against intestinal lumen-dwelling worms primarily by inducing intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to differentiate into goblet cells that secrete resistin-like molecule (RELM) beta. RELM-beta is essential for normal spontaneous expulsion and IL-4-induced expulsion of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Heligmosomoides polygyrus, which both live in the intestinal lumen, but it does not contribute to immunity against Trichinella spiralis, which lives within IEC. RELM-beta is nontoxic for H. polygyrus in vitro but directly inhibits the ability of worms to feed on host tissues during infection. This decreases H. polygyrus adenosine triphosphate content and fecundity. Importantly, RELM-beta-driven immunity does not require T or B cells, alternative macrophage activation, or increased gut permeability. Thus, we demonstrate a novel mechanism for host protection at the mucosal interface that explains how stimulation of epithelial cells by IL-4 and IL-13 contributes to protection against parasitic helminthes that dwell in the intestinal lumen.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.