ReviewAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2010
Updated functional classification of beta-lactamases.
Review in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1,011 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1,011 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Surveillance of carbapenem resistance in Asian countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Phase I dose-ascending, safety, and pharmacokinetics study of APC148, a novel metallo-β-lactamase inhibitor, in healthy volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Trial
- Prevalence, resistance profile, and molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamases producingOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Complicated Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Fluoroquinolone-Non-Susceptible/Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole-Resistant Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales: Patient Characteristics, Resistance Phenotypes, Treatment Patterns, and Clinical Outcomes.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Biodegradation Characteristics of Piperacillin by Marine Bacillus cereus PP1 and Genome-Guided Mining of Candidate β-Lactamases.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Natural Product-Based Strategies for Combating Antimicrobial Resistance in ESKAPE Pathogens.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Role of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes in the dissemination of β-lactam resistance within aquatic environments: mechanisms, persistence, and one health implications.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Building-Scale Wastewater Metagenomics Reveals Temporal Patterns in Resistance and Virulence Genes.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Synthesis, Characterization, and Multifunctional Bioactivity of ZnO/CuO@Amoxicillin Nanocomposites: A Synergistic Nano-Platform With Potent Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antidiabetic, and Anti-Cholinesterase Activities.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Antarctic soil microbiomes encode structurally conserved and phylogenetically diverse beta-lactamases.iMetaOmics · 2026Article
- Mapping the Thematic Structure and Evolution of AmpC β-Lactamase Research: A Bibliometric Analysis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Single Substitution of Valine to Glutamic Acid in the Omega-Like Loop Introduces a Penicillinase-Like Activity in MSMEG_6194 by Compromising its Role as DD-Carboxypeptidase.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial resistance surveillance and focused comparative genomics of clinicalMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Structural and functional characterization of an active site-influencing variant (IMP-1-F218Y) in IMP-1 metallo-β-lactamase.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- Universal-BacMicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- β-lactamase genes in clinical isolates of Capnocytophaga canimorsus and description of a novel class D β-lactamase, OXA-1422.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Building the Tools for Enhanced Waterway Surveillance: Prediction of Antimicrobial-ResistantJournal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2026Article
- Emerging XDR and MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from Oreochromis niloticus reveal high pathogenicity, virulence determinants, antimicrobial resistance genes, and oprL sequence diversity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
951 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Two classification schemes for beta-lactamases are currently in use. The molecular classification is based on the amino acid sequence and divides beta-lactamases into class A, C, and D enzymes which utilize serine for beta-lactam hydrolysis and class B metalloenzymes which require divalent zinc ions for substrate hydrolysis. The functional classification scheme updated herein is based on the 1995 proposal by Bush et al. (K. Bush, G. A. Jacoby, and A. A. Medeiros, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39:1211-1233, 1995). It takes into account substrate and inhibitor profiles in an attempt to group the enzymes in ways that can be correlated with their phenotype in clinical isolates. Major groupings generally correlate with the more broadly based molecular classification. The updated system includes group 1 (class C) cephalosporinases; group 2 (classes A and D) broad-spectrum, inhibitor-resistant, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and serine carbapenemases; and group 3 metallo-beta-lactamases. Several new subgroups of each of the major groups are described, based on specific attributes of individual enzymes. A list of attributes is also suggested for the description of a new beta-lactamase, including the requisite microbiological properties, substrate and inhibitor profiles, and molecular sequence data that provide an adequate characterization for a new beta-lactam-hydrolyzing enzyme.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.