ArticleBMC immunology2009
Divergent effects of norepinephrine, dopamine and substance P on the activation, differentiation and effector functions of human cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Article in BMC immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Neuroimmune Interactions and Their Role in Immune Cell Trafficking in Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The causal relationship between immune cell traits and schizophrenia: a Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Dopamine, Immunity, and Disease.Pharmacological reviews · 2023Review
- Dopaminergic regulation of inflammation and immunity in Parkinson's disease: friend or foe?Clinical & translational immunology · 2023Review
- Norepinephrine inhibits migration and invasion of human glioblastoma cell cultures possibly via MMP-11 inhibition.Brain research · 2021Article
- Critical Neurotransmitters in the Neuroimmune Network.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Control of T-Cell Activation and Signaling by Amino-Acid Catabolizing Enzymes.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Review
- Role of Macrophage Dopamine Receptors in Mediating Cytokine Production: Implications for Neuroinflammation in the Context of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2019Article
- The role of dopaminergic immune cell signalling in poststroke inflammation.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2018Review
- Dopamine, T cells and multiple sclerosis (MS).Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2017Review
- Immunomodulatory Effects Mediated by Dopamine.Journal of immunology research · 2016Review
- Mitochondrial Superoxide Signaling Contributes to Norepinephrine-Mediated T-Lymphocyte Cytokine Profiles.PloS one · 2016Article
- Norepinephrine preferentially modulates memory CD8 T cell function inducing inflammatory cytokine production and reducing proliferation in response to activation.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2015Article
- Drug induced increases in CNS dopamine alter monocyte, macrophage and T cell functions: implications for HAND.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2013Review
- Defense traits of larval Drosophila melanogaster exhibit genetically based trade-offs against different species of parasitoids.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2013Article
- Ways of coping and biomarkers of an increased atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease risk in elderly individuals.Cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology · 2012Article
- Tumor interactions with soluble factors and the nervous system.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2010Article
- PC-3 prostate carcinoma cells release signal substances that influence the migratory activity of cells in the tumor's microenvironment.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNeurotransmitters are important regulators of the immune system, with very distinct and varying effects on different leukocyte subsets. So far little is known about the impact of signals mediated by neurotransmitters on the function of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Therefore, we investigated the influence of norepinephrine, dopamine and substance P on the key tasks of CD8+ T lymphocytes: activation, migration, extravasation and cytotoxicity.
resultsThe activation of naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes by CD3/CD28 cross-linking was inhibited by norepinephrine and dopamine, which was caused by a downregulation of interleukin (IL)-2 expression via Erk1/2 and NF-kappaB inhibition. Furthermore, all of the investigated neurotransmitters increased the spontaneous migratory activity of naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes with dopamine being the strongest inducer. In contrast, activated CD8+ T lymphocytes showed a reduced migratory activity in the presence of norepinephrine and substance P. With regard to extravasation we found norepinephrine to induce adhesion of activated CD8+ T cells: norepinephrine increased the interleukin-8 release from endothelium, which in turn had effect on the activated CXCR1+ CD8+ T cells. At last, release of cytotoxic granules from activated cells in response to CD3 cross-linking was not influenced by any of the investigated neurotransmitters, as we have analyzed by measuring the beta-hexosamidase release.
conclusionNeurotransmitters are specific modulators of CD8+ T lymphocytes not by inducing any new functions, but by fine-tuning their key tasks. The effect can be either stimulatory or suppressive depending on the activation status of the cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.