ArticleExperimental and clinical psychopharmacology2009
Brain fMRI reactivity to smoking-related images before and during extended smoking abstinence.
Article in Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 36 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Electronic Cigarettes and Reactivity to Smoking Cues
Geo Smoking Study and Neural and Geospatial Examination of Smokers' Exposure to Retail Environments
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cue-Elicited Brain Activity and Treatment Outcomes in Substance Use Disorders: A Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Structural and functional brain recovery in individuals with substance use disorders during abstinence: A review of longitudinal neuroimaging studies.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Pooled it
- Neuroimaging craving: urge intensity matters.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2015Pooled it
- Visual cortex activation to drug cues: a meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging papers in addiction and substance abuse literature.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2014Pooled it
- Neural bases of pharmacological treatment of nicotine dependence - insights from functional brain imaging: a systematic review.CNS drugs · 2013Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Quitting starts in the brain: a randomized controlled trial of app-based mindfulness shows decreases in neural responses to smoking cues that predict reductions in smoking.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Trial
- Examining the effects of initial smoking abstinence on response to smoking-related stimuli and response inhibition in a human laboratory model.Psychopharmacology · 2014Trial
- Do brain responses to emotional images and cigarette cues differ? An fMRI study in smokers.The European journal of neuroscience · 2011Trial
- Salient cue reactivity and eating behaviors in ex-smokers, abstinent alcohol use disorder, and obesity.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Multimodal 7T imaging reveals enhanced functional coupling between salience and frontoparietal networks in young adult tobacco cigarette smokers.Brain imaging and behavior · 2024Article
- Changes in distinct brain systems identified with fMRI during smoking cessation treatment with varenicline: a review.Psychopharmacology · 2024Review
- A methodological checklist for fMRI drug cue reactivity studies: development and expert consensus.Nature protocols · 2022Article
- Factors modulating the incubation of drug and non-drug craving and their clinical implications.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Review
- Influence of the natural hormonal milieu on brain and behavior in women who smoke cigarettes: Rationale and methodology.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2021Article
- Toward Precision Medicine for Smoking Cessation: Developing a Neuroimaging-Based Classification Algorithm to Identify Smokers at Higher Risk for Relapse.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Neurofunctional Differences Related to Methamphetamine and Sexual Cues in Men With Shorter and Longer Term Abstinence Methamphetamine Dependence.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Caudate reactivity to smoking cues is associated with increased responding to monetary reward in nicotine-dependent individuals.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Menstrual cycle phase modulates responses to smoking cues in the putamen: Preliminary evidence for a novel target.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Article
- Modulating Neural Circuits with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Implications for Addiction Treatment Development.Pharmacological reviews · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Reactivity to smoking-related cues may play a role in the maintenance of smoking behavior and may change depending on smoking status. Whether smoking cue-related functional MRI (fMRI) reactivity differs between active smoking and extended smoking abstinence states currently is unknown. We used fMRI to measure brain reactivity in response to smoking-related versus neutral images in 13 tobacco-dependent subjects before a smoking cessation attempt and again during extended smoking abstinence (52 +/- 11 days) aided by nicotine replacement therapy. Prequit smoking cue induced fMRI activity patterns paralleled those reported in prior smoking cue reactivity fMRI studies. Greater fMRI activity was detected during extended smoking abstinence than during the pre-quit [corrected] assessment subcortically in the caudate nucleus and cortically in prefrontal (BA 6, 8, 9, 10, 44, 46), [corrected] primary somatosensory (BA 1, 2, 3), temporal (BA 22), [corrected] parietal (BA 5, 7, 40), occipital (BA 17, 18), [corrected] and posterior cingulate (BA 31) cortex. These data suggest that during extended smoking abstinence, fMRI reactivity to smoking versus neutral stimuli persists in brain areas involved in attention, somatosensory processing, motor planning, and conditioned cue responding. In some brain regions, fMRI smoking cue reactivity is increased during extended smoking abstinence in comparison to the prequit state, which may contribute to persisting relapse vulnerability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.