Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19956160›Full record

SynthesisBritish journal of cancer2009

Interventions to promote cancer awareness and early presentation: systematic review.

J Austoker, C Bankhead, L J L Forbes, L Atkins, F Martin, K Robb, J Wardle, A J Ramirez

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in British journal of cancer, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
86citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

86 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Oral Cancer Knowledge: a Systematic Review.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. The Effectiveness of Interventional Cancer Education Programs for School Students Aged 8-19 Years: a Systematic Review.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2021
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Interventions for raising breast cancer awareness in women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017
    Pooled it
  7. Interventions to reduce primary care delay in cancer referral: a systematic review.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2011
    Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Trial
  10. Targeted encouragement of GP consultations for possible cancer symptoms: a randomised controlled trial.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2021
    Trial
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  16. Reducing the time before consulting with symptoms of lung cancer: a randomised controlled trial in primary care.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2013
    Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Review
  20. Article

26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

J AustokerCancer Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research UK Primary Care Education Research Group, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
C Bankhead
L J L Forbes
L Atkins
F Martin
K Robb
J Wardle
A J Ramirez

Funding

Cancer Research UK 8933
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLow cancer awareness contributes to delay in presentation for cancer symptoms and may lead to delay in cancer diagnosis. The aim of this study was to review the evidence for the effectiveness of interventions to raise cancer awareness and promote early presentation in cancer to inform policy and future research.

methodsWe searched bibliographic databases and reference lists for randomised controlled trials of interventions delivered to individuals, and controlled or uncontrolled studies of interventions delivered to communities.

resultsWe found some evidence that interventions delivered to individuals modestly increase cancer awareness in the short term and insufficient evidence that they promote early presentation. We found limited evidence that public education campaigns reduce stage at presentation of breast cancer, malignant melanoma and retinoblastoma.

conclusionsInterventions delivered to individuals may increase cancer awareness. Interventions delivered to communities may promote cancer awareness and early presentation, although the evidence is limited.

Indexed as

Early Detection of CancerHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth EducationHumansNeoplasmsRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Identifiers

PMID19956160
PMCPMC2790702

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.