ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2010
Inhibitory TCR coreceptor PD-1 is a sensitive indicator of low-level replication of SIV and HIV-1.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and Epstein-Barr virus.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Temporal and spatial characterization of negative regulatory T cells in HIV-infected/AIDS patients raises new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2021Article
- Advances toward Curing HIV-1 Infection in Tissue Reservoirs.Journal of virology · 2020Review
- Altered Ratio of T Follicular Helper Cells to T Follicular Regulatory Cells Correlates with Autoreactive Antibody Response in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Melanoma and HIV Infection.The open AIDS journal · 2017Review
- Role of Occult and Post-acute Phase Replication in Protective Immunity Induced with a Novel Live Attenuated SIV Vaccine.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Persistent Low-Level Replication of SIVΔnef Drives Maturation of Antibody and CD8 T Cell Responses to Induce Protective Immunity against Vaginal SIV Infection.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Vaccination with Live Attenuated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Protects from Mucosal, but Not Necessarily Intravenous, Challenge with a Minimally Heterologous SIV.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Mucosal Humoral Immune Response to SIVmac239∆nef Vaccination and Vaginal Challenge.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- PolyICLC Exerts Pro- and Anti-HIV Effects on the DC-T Cell Milieu In Vitro and In Vivo.PloS one · 2016Article
- Rectal HSV-2 Infection May Increase Rectal SIV Acquisition Even in the Context of SIVΔnef Vaccination.PloS one · 2016Article
- Characterization of CD8+ T cell differentiation following SIVΔnef vaccination by transcription factor expression profiling.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- CD8 T cell response maturation defined by anentropic specificity and repertoire depth correlates with SIVΔnef-induced protection.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Article
- Live simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine correlate of protection: local antibody production and concentration on the path of virus entry.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Animal models for viral infection and cell exhaustion.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2014Review
- Immune targeting of PD-1(hi) expressing cells during and after antiretroviral therapy in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.Virology · 2013Article
- PD-1 coinhibitory signals: the link between pathogenesis and protection.Seminars in immunology · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ongoing antigenic stimulation appears to be an important prerequisite for the persistent expression of programmed death 1 (PD-1), an inhibitory TCR coreceptor of the CD28 family. Although recent publications have emphasized the utility of PD-1 as a marker for dysfunctional T cells in chronic viral infections, its dependence on antigenic stimulation potentially renders it a sensitive indicator of low-level viral replication. To explore the antigenic threshold for the maintenance of PD-1 expression on virus-specific T cells, we compared PD-1 expression on virus-specific and memory T cell populations in controlled and uncontrolled SIV and HIV-1 infection. In both controlled live attenuated SIV infection in rhesus macaques and HIV-1 infection in elite controllers, elevated levels of PD-1 expression were observed on SIV- and HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cells. However, in contrast to chronic wild-type SIV infection and uncontrolled HIV-1 infection, controlled SIV/HIV-1 infection did not result in increased expression of PD-1 on total memory T cells. PD-1 expression on SIV-specific CD8(+) T cells rapidly decreased after the emergence of CTL escape in cognate epitopes, but was maintained in the setting of low or undetectable levels of plasma viremia in live attenuated SIV-infected macaques. After inoculation of naive macaques with a single-cycle SIV, PD-1 expression on SIV-specific CD8(+) T cells initially increased, but was rapidly downregulated. These results demonstrate that PD-1 can serve as a sensitive indicator of persistent, low-level virus replication and that generalized PD-1 expression on T lymphocytes is a distinguishing characteristic of uncontrolled lentiviral infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.