ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2010
TLR2 activation is essential to induce a Th1 shift in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by plant stanols and plant sterols.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recommended or high daily intakes of plant stanol esters do not affectThe British journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Serum, liver and bile sitosterol and sitostanol in obese patients with and without NAFLD.Bioscience reports · 2018Trial
- Triple identity of medicinal plant-derived extracellular vesicles.Protoplasma · 2026Review
- Role of PD-L1 in mediating the effect of lipid on ulcerative colitis: a mediation Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- β-Sitosterol as a Promising Anticancer Agent for Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy: Mechanisms of Action and Future Prospects.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
- Beneficial sterols in selected edible insects and their associated antibacterial activities.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Diversity of Plant Sterols Metabolism: The Impact on Human Health, Sport, and Accumulation of Contaminating Sterols.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Dietary Plant Stanol Supplementation Are Largely Dependent on the Intake of Cholesterol in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Formulation and Characterization of Phytostanol Ester Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for the Management of Hypercholesterolemia: An ex vivo Study.International journal of nanomedicine · 2021Article
- Serum phytosterols associate with T helper 1 cytokine concentration in pregnant women.Food science & nutrition · 2020Article
- Characterization of the Immune Response of MERS-CoV Vaccine Candidates Derived from Two Different Vectors in Mice.Viruses · 2020Article
- Article
- Evaluation of synergy between host and pathogen-directed therapies against intracellular Leishmania donovani.International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Progress and perspectives in plant sterol and plant stanol research.Nutrition reviews · 2018Review
- Effects of Dietary Plant Sterols and Stanol Esters with Low- and High-Fat Diets in Chronic and Acute Models for Experimental Colitis.Nutrients · 2015Article
- Article
- Protective role of plant sterol and stanol esters in liver inflammation: insights from mice and humans.PloS one · 2014Article
- Article
- Effects of over-expression of TLR2 in transgenic goats on pathogen clearance and role of up-regulation of lysozyme secretion and infiltration of inflammatory cells.BMC veterinary research · 2012Article
- Milk matters: soluble Toll-like receptor 2 (sTLR2) in breast milk significantly inhibits HIV-1 infection and inflammation.PloS one · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plant sterols may induce a Th1 shift in humans. However, whether plant stanols have similar effects as well as the underlying mechanism are unknown. We have now shown that (like sitosterol) sitostanol, both 4-desmethylsterols, induces a Th1 shift when added in vitro at physiological concentrations to human PBMCs. This conclusion was based on a higher IFNgamma production, with no change in the production of IL-4 and IL-10. alpha-Amyrin, a 4.4-dimethylsterol, had comparable effects. Because 4.4-dimethylsterols cannot activate transcription factor LXR, this finding indicates that LXR activation was not involved. Sitosterol and sitostanol did not alter the production of IL-12 and IL-18 in PBMCs as well as in monocyte-derived U937 cells, suggesting that plant sterols directly affect T-helper cells, without activating APCs. However, in PBMCs treated with a TLR2 blocker (T2.5), IFNgamma production was completely inhibited, whereas blocking TLR4 with HTA125 had no such effect. To confirm these findings, PBMCs from TLR2(-/-) mice were cultured in the presence of sitosterol and sitostanol. In these cells, no Th1 shift was observed. Our results, therefore, indicate that TLR2 activation is essential to induce a Th1 shift in human PBMCs by plant stanols and plant sterols.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.