ReviewThe ocular surface2009
Antioxidant defenses in the ocular surface.
Review in The ocular surface, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Acupuncture in the treatment of inflammation-related ocular degenerations: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Superoxide Dismutase Administration: A Review of Proposed Human Uses.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Extract fromNutrients · 2024Trial
- Oxidative Stress and Uveitis: Molecular Mechanisms and Pathogenetic Role.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- The Ocular Signature of TBI: A Narrative Review of Structural Changes and Potential Candidate Biomarkers.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Beneficial Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds on Eye Health: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Oxidative Stress in Keratoconus Is Evident in Tear Fluid and Stromal Cells and Alleviated in Cell Culture by Sulforaphane.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Tear fluid database: a reference website for tear fluid proteomics.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2026Article
- Pathological Interplay of ROS With Myofibroblasts: An Impediment to Corneal Restitution.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2026Review
- The Interplay Between the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Oxidative Stress: A Future Perspective in Eye Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Protective Effect of Exogenous Adenosine Triphosphate Against Ocular Toxicity of Linezolid in Rats.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Selenium Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Stability and In Vitro Evaluation in Human Lens Epithelial Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Modulation of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Therapeutic Role of Natural Polyphenols.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Dry Eye Disease: Oxidative Stress on Ocular Surface and Cutting-Edge Antioxidants.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2025Review
- Chlorogenic acid attenuates oxidative damage in rat lacrimal gland epithelial cells via PI3K/AKT/FoxO3 signaling: network pharmacology and experimental evidence.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Management of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Patients with Symptomatic Dry Eye Disease Treated with a Preservative-Free Ophthalmic Emulsion Combining Alpha-Lipoic Acid and High Molecular Weight Sodium Hyaluronate.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Washing with buffered vitamin C after corrosive chemical (sodium hypochlorite) exposure reduces ocular depth of injury.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2025Article
- A Silk Fibroin Nanoparticle Hydrogel Loaded With NK1R Antagonist Has Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory and Reparative Effects on Dry Eye Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The effect of preoperative total antioxidant capacity on short-term outcomes after kerato-lenticule extraction surgery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Secreted Ly6/uPAR-Related Protein-1 (SLURP1) Protects the Cornea From Oxidative Stress.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The human eye is subjected constantly to oxidative stress due to daily exposure to sunlight, high metabolic activities, and oxygen tension. Reactive oxygen species generated from environmental insults and pathological conditions render the human eye particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. The ocular surface composed of the tear film, the cornea, and the aqueous humor forms the first physical and biochemical barrier of the eye and plays a pivotal role in combating free radicals. These ocular compartments are enriched in certain antioxidants in the form of metabolic enzymes or small molecules. Such an antioxidant defense system in the ocular surface is essential for the maintenance of redox homeostasis in the eye and protection against oxidative damage. Herein, we review the properties and functions of key constituent antioxidants of the ocular surface.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.